OBJECTIVE: This study quantified casino dealers' occupational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). METHODS: We measured casino dealers' exposure to ETS components by analyzing full-shift air and preshift and postshift urine samples. RESULTS: Casino dealers were exposed to nicotine, 4-vinyl pyridine, benzene, toluene, naphthalene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, solanesol, and respirable suspended particulates. Levels of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in urine increased significantly during an 8-hour work shift both with and without adjustment for creatinine clearance. Creatinine-unadjusted cotinine significantly increased during the 8-hour shift, but creatinine-adjusted cotinine did not increase significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Casino dealers at the three casinos were exposed to airborne ETS components and absorbed an ETS-specific component into their bodies, as demonstrated by detectable levels of urinary NNAL. The casinos should ban smoking on their premises and offer employee smoking cessation programs.
OBJECTIVE: This study quantified casino dealers' occupational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). METHODS: We measured casino dealers' exposure to ETS components by analyzing full-shift air and preshift and postshift urine samples. RESULTS: Casino dealers were exposed to nicotine, 4-vinyl pyridine, benzene, toluene, naphthalene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, solanesol, and respirable suspended particulates. Levels of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in urine increased significantly during an 8-hour work shift both with and without adjustment for creatinine clearance. Creatinine-unadjusted cotinine significantly increased during the 8-hour shift, but creatinine-adjusted cotinine did not increase significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Casino dealers at the three casinos were exposed to airborne ETS components and absorbed an ETS-specific component into their bodies, as demonstrated by detectable levels of urinary NNAL. The casinos should ban smoking on their premises and offer employee smoking cessation programs.
Authors: Michael A Tynan; Teresa W Wang; Kristy L Marynak; Pamela Lemos; Stephen D Babb Journal: Public Health Rep Date: 2019-03-21 Impact factor: 2.792
Authors: Neil E Klepeis; Jason Omoto; Seow Ling Ong; Harmeena Sahota Omoto; Narinder Dhaliwal Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2012-09-22 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Neil E Klepeis; Narinder Dhaliwal; Gary Hayward; Viviana Acevedo-Bolton; Wayne R Ott; Nathan Read; Steve Layton; Ruoting Jiang; Kai-Chung Cheng; Lynn M Hildemann; James L Repace; Stephanie Taylor; Seow-Ling Ong; Francisco O Buchting; Juliet P Lee; Roland S Moore Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2016-01-20 Impact factor: 3.390