Amblyopia: a mini review of the literature.

Amblyopia is a form of cerebral visual impairment in the absence of an organic cause. It is considered to derive from the degradation of the retinal image associated with abnormal visual experience during the developmental period of the visual system in infancy and early childhood. Amblyopia is a significant cause of unilateral visual deficit in childhood and is still considered as one of the most common causes of persistent unilateral visual impairment in adulthood. The following review aims at presenting the contemporary literature regarding the prevalence, the aetiology, the neural correlates, the period of critical development, the treatment, the prognosis and the disability associated with this visual deficit.