Mediastinal lymphadenopathy without cervical lymphadenopathy in a case of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease.

A 44-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of persistent high fever. Both CT and PET-CT demonstrated lymph node lesions limited to the mediastinal region without cervical lymphadenopathy. Histology of a mediastinal lymph node obtained by video-assisted thoroscopic excision confirmed the diagnosis of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease with isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Although Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is rare, we should consider this disease in patients with a high fever and no other symptoms.