The rectus abdominis muscle flap in a combined abdominovaginal repair of difficult vesicovaginal fistulae. A report of three cases.

Conventional repairs had been tried on three patients suffering from vesicovaginal fistulas after abdominal hysterectomies. Separate vaginal and abdominal approaches had been tried and had resulted not only in failure but also in tissue loss and fibrosis. A final synchronous vaginoabdominal approach using a rectus abdominis muscle flap was used successfully in all three patients.