[Nikolaj Pirogov: a pioneer of modern surgery].

Nikolay Pirogoff (1810–1881), Russian scientist, physician, anatomist, military surgeon and teacher belongs to the most exceptional men of the 19th century. His actions have essentially contributed to recognition of the surgical field and its further development. Pirogoff is considered to be one of the pioneers of modern surgery and due to him surgery became a clinical discipline with a scientific basis.