OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of smoking on disease outcome in a large cohort of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Between 1996 and 2004, 1787 adult patients (disease duration ≤ 1 year) were included in the BARFOT early RA study in Sweden. Smoking status was recorded at inclusion in the study. Disease Activity Score using 28 joint counts (DAS28), C-reactive protein (CRP), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score, rheumatoid factor (RF), antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), general health (GH) and pain visual analogue scales (VAS), and drug treatment were registered at inclusion and at follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months. European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response and remission criteria were applied at 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: The proportion of patients who smoked at inclusion in the study fell from 29% in 1996 to 20% in 2004. There were no significant differences in disease activity at inclusion stratified according to smoking status. At 12 months of follow-up, 18% of current smokers at inclusion, 12% of previous smokers, and 11% of never smokers had high disease activity (DAS28 > 5.1, p = 0.005). Significantly fewer current smokers were in remission at 12 months (33%) compared to never smokers (36%) and previous smokers (42%) (p = 0.013). Current smoking at inclusion independently predicted poor EULAR response up to 12 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The present study gives some support to earlier data indicating that RA patients who smoke have a more active disease but further studies are needed to confirm this.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of smoking on disease outcome in a large cohort of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Between 1996 and 2004, 1787 adult patients (disease duration ≤ 1 year) were included in the BARFOT early RA study in Sweden. Smoking status was recorded at inclusion in the study. Disease Activity Score using 28 joint counts (DAS28), C-reactive protein (CRP), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score, rheumatoid factor (RF), antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), general health (GH) and pain visual analogue scales (VAS), and drug treatment were registered at inclusion and at follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months. European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response and remission criteria were applied at 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: The proportion of patients who smoked at inclusion in the study fell from 29% in 1996 to 20% in 2004. There were no significant differences in disease activity at inclusion stratified according to smoking status. At 12 months of follow-up, 18% of current smokers at inclusion, 12% of previous smokers, and 11% of never smokers had high disease activity (DAS28 > 5.1, p = 0.005). Significantly fewer current smokers were in remission at 12 months (33%) compared to never smokers (36%) and previous smokers (42%) (p = 0.013). Current smoking at inclusion independently predicted poor EULAR response up to 12 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The present study gives some support to earlier data indicating that RApatients who smoke have a more active disease but further studies are needed to confirm this.
Authors: Ahmad M Al-Bashaireh; Linda G Haddad; Michael Weaver; Debra Lynch Kelly; Xing Chengguo; Saunjoo Yoon Journal: J Environ Public Health Date: 2018-07-11
Authors: Martha Adriana Badillo-Soto; Mayra Rodríguez-Rodríguez; María Elena Pérez-Pérez; Leonel Daza-Benitez; Juan José Bollain-Y-Goytia; Miguel Angel Carrillo-Jiménez; Esperanza Avalos-Díaz; Rafael Herrera-Esparza Journal: Eur J Rheumatol Date: 2016-02-01
Authors: Virginia Ruiz-Esquide; María José Gómara; Víctor I Peinado; José Alfredo Gómez Puerta; Joan Albert Barberá; Juan de Dios Cañete; Isabel Haro; Raimon Sanmartí Journal: Clin Rheumatol Date: 2012-03-31 Impact factor: 2.980
Authors: Bing Lu; Young Hee Rho; Jing Cui; Christine K Iannaccone; Michelle L Frits; Elizabeth W Karlson; Nancy A Shadick Journal: J Rheumatol Date: 2013-12-01 Impact factor: 4.666