BACKGROUND: Contextual variables often predict long-term abstinence, but little is known about how these variables exert their effects. These variables could influence abstinence by affecting the ability to quit at all, or by altering risk of lapsing, or progressing from a lapse to relapse. PURPOSE: To examine the effect of common predictors of smoking-cessation failure on smoking-cessation processes. METHODS:The current study (N=1504, 58% female, 84% Caucasian; recruited from January 2005 to June 2007; data analyzed in 2009) uses the approach advocated by Shiffman et al. (2006), which measures cessation outcomes on three different cessation milestones (achieving initial abstinence, lapse risk, and the lapse-relapse transition) to examine relationships of smoker characteristics (dependence, contextual and demographic factors) with smoking-cessation process. RESULTS: High nicotine dependence strongly predicted all milestones: not achieving initial abstinence, and a higher risk of both lapse and transitioning from lapse to complete relapse. Numerous contextual and demographic variables were associated with higher initial cessation rates and/or decreased lapse risk at 6 months post-quit (e.g., ethnicity, gender, marital status, education, smoking in the workplace, number of smokers in the social network, and number of supportive others). However, aside from nicotine dependence, only gender significantly predicted the risk of transition from lapse to relapse. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that (1) higher nicotine dependence predicted worse outcomes across every cessation milestone; (2) demographic and contextual variables are generally associated with initial abstinence rates and lapse risk and not the lapse-relapse transition. These results identify groups who are at risk for failure at specific stages of the smoking-cessation process, and this may have implications for treatment.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Contextual variables often predict long-term abstinence, but little is known about how these variables exert their effects. These variables could influence abstinence by affecting the ability to quit at all, or by altering risk of lapsing, or progressing from a lapse to relapse. PURPOSE: To examine the effect of common predictors of smoking-cessation failure on smoking-cessation processes. METHODS: The current study (N=1504, 58% female, 84% Caucasian; recruited from January 2005 to June 2007; data analyzed in 2009) uses the approach advocated by Shiffman et al. (2006), which measures cessation outcomes on three different cessation milestones (achieving initial abstinence, lapse risk, and the lapse-relapse transition) to examine relationships of smoker characteristics (dependence, contextual and demographic factors) with smoking-cessation process. RESULTS: High nicotine dependence strongly predicted all milestones: not achieving initial abstinence, and a higher risk of both lapse and transitioning from lapse to complete relapse. Numerous contextual and demographic variables were associated with higher initial cessation rates and/or decreased lapse risk at 6 months post-quit (e.g., ethnicity, gender, marital status, education, smoking in the workplace, number of smokers in the social network, and number of supportive others). However, aside from nicotine dependence, only gender significantly predicted the risk of transition from lapse to relapse. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that (1) higher nicotine dependence predicted worse outcomes across every cessation milestone; (2) demographic and contextual variables are generally associated with initial abstinence rates and lapse risk and not the lapse-relapse transition. These results identify groups who are at risk for failure at specific stages of the smoking-cessation process, and this may have implications for treatment.
Authors: Saul Shiffman; Deborah M Scharf; William G Shadel; Chad J Gwaltney; Qianyu Dang; Stephanie M Paton; Duncan B Clark Journal: J Consult Clin Psychol Date: 2006-04
Authors: Megan E Piper; E Belle Federmen; Danielle E McCarthy; Daniel M Bolt; Stevens S Smith; Michael C Fiore; Timothy B Baker Journal: J Abnorm Psychol Date: 2008-02
Authors: Olga A Dravolina; Elena S Zakharova; Elena V Shekunova; Edwin E Zvartau; Wojciech Danysz; Anton Y Bespalov Journal: Neuropharmacology Date: 2006-09-11 Impact factor: 5.250
Authors: Janet Brigham; Christina N Lessov-Schlaggar; Harold S Javitz; Mary McElroy; Ruth Krasnow; Gary E Swan Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2008-02 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Mitchell Nides; Elbert D Glover; Victor I Reus; Arden G Christen; Barry J Make; Clare B Billing; Kathryn E Williams Journal: Am J Health Behav Date: 2008 Nov-Dec
Authors: Timothy B Baker; Megan E Piper; Danielle E McCarthy; Daniel M Bolt; Stevens S Smith; Su-Young Kim; Suzanne Colby; David Conti; Gary A Giovino; Dorothy Hatsukami; Andrew Hyland; Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin; Raymond Niaura; Kenneth A Perkins; Benjamin A Toll Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2007-11 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Samantha G Farris; Michael J Zvolensky; Peter J Norton; Julianna Hogan; Angela H Smith; Alexander M Talkovsky; Lorra Garey; Norman B Schmidt Journal: Behav Med Date: 2014-11-14 Impact factor: 3.104
Authors: Adam M Leventhal; Sandra J Japuntich; Megan E Piper; Douglas E Jorenby; Tanya R Schlam; Timothy B Baker Journal: Psychol Addict Behav Date: 2012-05-28
Authors: Gregory L Powell; Gabriella Cabrera-Brown; Mark D Namba; Janet L Neisewander; Julie A Marusich; Joshua S Beckmann; Cassandra D Gipson Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2019-06-20 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Richard A Brown; Kathleen M Palm Reed; Erika Litvin Bloom; Haruka Minami; David R Strong; Carl W Lejuez; Christopher W Kahler; Michael J Zvolensky; Elizabeth V Gifford; Steven C Hayes Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2013-07-24 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Raina D Pang; Madalyn M Liautaud; Matthew G Kirkpatrick; Jimi Huh; John Monterosso; Adam M Leventhal Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2017-09-14 Impact factor: 7.853