Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis with particular perirenal and intrarenal extension associated with left renal artery stenosis. The atheromatous periaortitis with retroperitoneal fibrosis suggests a pathogenic relationship between atherosclerosis and fibrosis?

We present a case of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) in a female patient of 45 years, obese (BMI = 39 kg/sqm), hypertensive since 2005, with diabetes mellitus treated with diet and diabetes insipidus in whom, during a routine control, the following has been found: serum creatinine 1.74 mg/dl, and an inflammatory syndrome associated with fever. Spiral-CT (Multi-slice-Sensation 64) scan shows retroperitoneal fibrosis in relation with periaortitis that affects the thoracic and abdominal aorta. RPF is extending perirenally and at the level of the renal hilum with subsequent calyceal dilations (hydrocalycosis) associated with left renal artery stenosis. The particularity of the case is represented by the perirenal and intrarenal evolution of fibrosis with left renal artery stenosis with moderate impairment of renal function reversible under treatment with Tamoxifen. This case, with chronic periaortitis subsequent to an extended aortic atherosclerosis with retroperitoneal fibrosis can be representative for the pathogenic relationship between atherosclerosis and fibrosis.