An amperometric uric acid biosensor based on multiwalled carbon nanotube-gold nanoparticle composite.

An amperometric uric acid biosensor was fabricated by immobilizing uricase (EC 1.7.3.3) onto gold nanoparticle (AuNP)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) layer deposited on Au electrode via carbodiimide linkage. Determination of uric acid was performed by oxidation of enzymically generated H(2)O(2) at 0.4V. The sensor showed optimal response within 7s at 40°C in 50mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.5). The linear working range of the biosensor was 0.01-0.8mM. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.01mM. The sensor measured uric acid levels in serum of healthy individuals and persons suffering from gout. The analytical recoveries of the added uric acid, 10 and 20mgL(-1), were 98.0% and 96.5%, respectively. Within- and between-batch coefficients of variation were less than 5.6% and less than 4.7%, respectively. A good correlation (r=0.998) was obtained between serum uric acid values by the standard enzymic colorimetric method and the current method. A number of serum substances had practically no interference. The sensor was used in more than 200 assays and had a storage life of 120 days at 4°C.