Interpretation of intermolecular geometric isotope effect in hydrogen bonds: nuclear orbital plus molecular orbital study.

The intermolecular geometric isotope effect (GIE) in hydrogen bond A-X···B (X = H and D) is investigated theoretically using the nuclear orbital plus molecular orbital (NOMO) theory. To interpret the GIE in terms of physically meaningful energy components such as electrostatic and exchange-repulsion interactions, the reduced variational space self-consistent-field method is extended to the NOMO scheme. The intermolecular GIE is analyzed as a two-stage process: the intramolecular bond shrinkage and the intermolecular bond elongation. According to the isotopic shifts of energy components described by the NOMO/MP2 method, the intermolecular GIE is approximately interpreted as a process reducing the exchange-repulsion interaction after the decrease of electrostatic interaction.