OBJECTIVE: We compared the use of two active cooling devices with passive cooling in a moderate-temperature (≈ 22 °C) environment on heart rate (HR) andcore temperature (T(c)) recovery when applied to firefighters following 20 minutes of fire suppression. METHODS: Firefighters (23 men, two women) performed 20 minutes of fire suppression at a live-fire evolution. Immediately following the evolution, the subjects removed their thermal protective clothing and were randomized to receive forearm immersion (FI), ice water perfused cooling vest (CV), or passive (P) cooling in an air-conditioned medical trailer for 30 minutes. Heart rate and deep gastric temperature were monitored every 5 minutes during recovery. RESULTS: A single 20-minute bout of fire suppression resulted in near-maximal mean ± standard deviation HR (175 ± 13 b min(-1), P; 172 ± 20 b·min(-1), FI; 177 ± 12 b·min(-1), CV) when compared with baseline (p < 0.001), a rapid and substantial rise in T(c) (38.2° ± 0.7°, P; 38.3° ± 0.4°, FI; 38.3° ± 0.3°, CV) compared with baseline (p < 0.001), and body mass lost from sweating of nearly 1 kilogram. Cooling rates (°C·min) differed (p = 0.036) by device, with FI (0.05 ± 0.04) providing higher rates than P (0.03 ± 0.02) or CV (0.03 ± 0.04), although differences over 30 minutes were small and recovery of body temperature was incomplete in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: During 30 minutes of recovery following a 20-minute bout of fire suppression in a training academy setting, there is a slightly higher cooling rate for FI and no apparent benefit to CV when compared with P cooling in a moderate temperature environment.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: We compared the use of two active cooling devices with passive cooling in a moderate-temperature (≈ 22 °C) environment on heart rate (HR) and core temperature (T(c)) recovery when applied to firefighters following 20 minutes of fire suppression. METHODS: Firefighters (23 men, two women) performed 20 minutes of fire suppression at a live-fire evolution. Immediately following the evolution, the subjects removed their thermal protective clothing and were randomized to receive forearm immersion (FI), ice water perfused cooling vest (CV), or passive (P) cooling in an air-conditioned medical trailer for 30 minutes. Heart rate and deep gastric temperature were monitored every 5 minutes during recovery. RESULTS: A single 20-minute bout of fire suppression resulted in near-maximal mean ± standard deviation HR (175 ± 13 b min(-1), P; 172 ± 20 b·min(-1), FI; 177 ± 12 b·min(-1), CV) when compared with baseline (p < 0.001), a rapid and substantial rise in T(c) (38.2° ± 0.7°, P; 38.3° ± 0.4°, FI; 38.3° ± 0.3°, CV) compared with baseline (p < 0.001), and body mass lost from sweating of nearly 1 kilogram. Cooling rates (°C·min) differed (p = 0.036) by device, with FI (0.05 ± 0.04) providing higher rates than P (0.03 ± 0.02) or CV (0.03 ± 0.04), although differences over 30 minutes were small and recovery of body temperature was incomplete in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: During 30 minutes of recovery following a 20-minute bout of fire suppression in a training academy setting, there is a slightly higher cooling rate for FI and no apparent benefit to CV when compared with P cooling in a moderate temperature environment.
Authors: K S Malley; A M Goldstein; T K Aldrich; K J Kelly; M Weiden; N Coplan; M L Karwa; D J Prezant Journal: J Occup Environ Med Date: 1999-12 Impact factor: 2.162
Authors: Julie M Clements; Douglas J Casa; J Knight; Joseph M McClung; Alan S Blake; Paula M Meenen; Allison M Gilmer; Kellie A Caldwell Journal: J Athl Train Date: 2002-06 Impact factor: 2.860
Authors: David Hostler; James C Bednez; Sarah Kerin; Steven E Reis; Pui Wah Kong; Julia Morley; Michael Gallagher; Joe Suyama Journal: Prehosp Emerg Care Date: 2010 Apr-Jun Impact factor: 3.077
Authors: Michael Gallagher; Robert J Robertson; Fredric L Goss; Elizabeth F Nagle-Stilley; Mark A Schafer; Joe Suyama; David Hostler Journal: Eur J Appl Physiol Date: 2011-09-23 Impact factor: 3.078
Authors: Julia Morley; Gillian Beauchamp; Joe Suyama; Francis X Guyette; Steven E Reis; Clifton W Callaway; David Hostler Journal: Eur J Appl Physiol Date: 2011-09-03 Impact factor: 3.078
Authors: JoEllen M Sefton; J S McAdam; David D Pascoe; K R Lohse; Robert L Banda; Corbin B Henault; Andrew R Cherrington; N E Adams Journal: J Athl Train Date: 2016-10-06 Impact factor: 2.860
Authors: Jefferey L Burgess; Michael D Duncan; Chengcheng Hu; Sally R Littau; Delayne Caseman; Margaret Kurzius-Spencer; Grace Davis-Gorman; Paul F McDonagh Journal: J Occup Environ Med Date: 2012-11 Impact factor: 2.162
Authors: Richard M Kesler; Alex Mayer; Kenneth W Fent; I-Chen Chen; A Shawn Deaton; R Bryan Ormond; Denise L Smith; Andrea Wilkinson; Steve Kerber; Gavin P Horn Journal: Ergonomics Date: 2021-02-01 Impact factor: 2.561
Authors: Roxana Chicas; Nezahualcoyotl Xiuhtecutli; Nathan E Dickman; Madeleine L Scammell; Kyle Steenland; Vicki S Hertzberg; Linda McCauley Journal: Am J Ind Med Date: 2020-09-04 Impact factor: 3.079
Authors: Zachary J Schlader; Daniel Gagnon; Eric Rivas; Victor A Convertino; Craig G Crandall Journal: Exp Physiol Date: 2015-07-15 Impact factor: 2.969