OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of plasma metabolites of mini-swines with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome due to chronic myocardial ischemia and to explore the relationship between plasma metabonomics and qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. METHODS: Twenty-two mini-swines were used in this study and were divided into sham-operation group (n=10) and model group (n=12). Ameroid constrictors were placed around the left anterior descending coronary artery of mini-swines in model group to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Twelve weeks after Ameroid placement, physical signs, coronary angiography and echocardiography were used to evaluate qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and data mining method were used to analyze plasma metabolites of the mini-swines. RESULTS: Twelve weeks after operation, mini-swines in model group were confirmed with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Principal component analysis (PCA) found that plasma GC-MS spectra of the two groups were significantly different. Compared with sham-operation group, endogenous metabolites in plasma were changed in model group. The levels of lipid metabolites such as glycerol, acetic acid and tricosadiynoic acid, myo-inositol, as well as amino acid metabolite proline were raised, while concentrations of glucose (eg. d-glucose, and a-D-glucoside), amino acid (eg. alanine, phenylalanine, and urea) and lipid metabolites (eg. hexadecanoic acid, propionic acid, butanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid) were declined. CONCLUSION: Significant differences in metabolic spectrum exist in mini-swines with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome due to chronic myocardial ischemia and normal mini-swines. Disorders in glucose, amino acid and lipid metabolism result in a deterioration of coronary artery disease; citric acid, glucose, octadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, glycerol and acetic acid are contributory to separation of the healthy from qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. These metabolites pattern may be used in clinical diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease, and also can provide a new approach to objective research in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome.
OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of plasma metabolites of mini-swines with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome due to chronic myocardial ischemia and to explore the relationship between plasma metabonomics and qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. METHODS: Twenty-two mini-swines were used in this study and were divided into sham-operation group (n=10) and model group (n=12). Ameroid constrictors were placed around the left anterior descending coronary artery of mini-swines in model group to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Twelve weeks after Ameroid placement, physical signs, coronary angiography and echocardiography were used to evaluate qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and data mining method were used to analyze plasma metabolites of the mini-swines. RESULTS: Twelve weeks after operation, mini-swines in model group were confirmed with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Principal component analysis (PCA) found that plasma GC-MS spectra of the two groups were significantly different. Compared with sham-operation group, endogenous metabolites in plasma were changed in model group. The levels of lipid metabolites such as glycerol, acetic acid and tricosadiynoic acid, myo-inositol, as well as amino acid metabolite proline were raised, while concentrations of glucose (eg. d-glucose, and a-D-glucoside), amino acid (eg. alanine, phenylalanine, and urea) and lipid metabolites (eg. hexadecanoic acid, propionic acid, butanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid) were declined. CONCLUSION: Significant differences in metabolic spectrum exist in mini-swines with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome due to chronic myocardial ischemia and normal mini-swines. Disorders in glucose, amino acid and lipid metabolism result in a deterioration of coronary artery disease; citric acid, glucose, octadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, glycerol and acetic acid are contributory to separation of the healthy from qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. These metabolites pattern may be used in clinical diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease, and also can provide a new approach to objective research in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome.