Emerging techniques to treat limbal epithelial stem cell deficiency.

Visual performance, to a large extent, depends on the optical and refractive properties of the eye. The cornea is of great importance to this system. However, it requires a healthy epithelium for protection and optimal functioning. A sophisticated apparatus which relies on unipotent stem cells ensures the homeostasis of the corneal epithelium. A number of pathologic conditions can damage this mechanism, thereby compromising the ocular surface. This article will examine the concepts underlying a healthy or diseased corneal surface. Subsequently, current therapeutic approaches to regenerate a healthy epithelium and potential future developments will be discussed.