Chlamydia trachomatis: a genital infection of particular concern to the young.

Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in North America. It is most common in the younger sexually active population. Chlamydia tends to produce relatively mild symptoms initially, and is often responsible for a wide variety of syndromes including cervicitis, urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and epididymitis. Involuntary infertility and ectopic pregnancy are important late sequelae. Chlamydia is a modified bacterium and is usually treated with tetracycline or erythromycin. Screening for chlamydia is more advantageous than screening for other sexually transmitted diseases. Criteria are presented for the treatment of certain high-risk groups.