[Neonatal appendicitis: a diagnostic trap. A case report].

Neonatal appendicitis is an uncommon disease characterized by high mortality and morbidity. We report the case of a full-term newborn with infectious syndrome. The nonresponse to antibiotic therapy despite good clinical status led to a search for an etiology. Appendicitis with focal peritonitis was discovered on sonography. In each newborn, presenting with unexplained febrile inflammatory syndrome with or without gastrointestinal symptoms, a routine abdominal sonography should be performed to search for intraperitoneal sepsis, including appendicitis.