Impact of new clinical trials on recent guidelines on hypertension management.

Guidelines on hypertension diagnosis and treatment have been issued in 2007. Since then, a number of major intervention clinical trials have been designed, carried out, and completed with the aim of investigating unsolved issues related to the impact of the blood pressure-lowering intervention on cardiovascular risk and events. These include, among others, the nephroprotective properties of antihypertensive drugs, the blood pressure targets to be achieved during treatment in uncomplicated and more so in complicated hypertensive patients, the advantages of one drug combination versus another, and the benefits of antihypertensive drugs in the very elderly. All these questions have received a clear-cut answer by the results of recently performed clinical trials, which have been included in the 2009 update document of the European guidelines. This paper will be focused on the 2007 guidelines document and the 2009 update paper, highlighting the new concepts and recommendations provided by the most recent intervention trials.