Tracheobronchial aspergillosis following primary cutaneous aspergillosis in a lung-transplant recipient.

Invasive aspergillosis, a major problem during the post-transplant period, typically presents with pneumonia or tracheobronchitis in lung transplant recipients. In contrast, primary cutaneous aspergillosis is very rarely observed in lung-transplant recipients. In this report, we describe a case of tracheobronchial aspergillosis following primary cutaneous aspergillosis in a lung-transplant recipient. Early diagnosis of tracheobronchial aspergillosis is important because occult tracheobronchial aspergillosis can be potentially lethal. Our report suggests that surveillance bronchoscopy may facilitate identification of occult tracheobronchial invasion in lung-transplant recipients with primary cutaneous aspergillosis.