OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the degree of addiction (DA) and pattern of tobacco consumption (PTC) with anxiety and depression in smokers who want to quit smoking. MATERIAL AND METHODS: At admission to a smoking cessation program 495 smokers were surveyed to determine anxiety (IDARE Test), depression (Beck Inventory Test), DA (Fagerström Test) and PTC (pack-years). RESULTS: DA ≥ 6 points was associated with high anxiety levels RM=1.94, (IC95%1.02-3.72), p<0.04]; and with symptoms of severe depression; [RM=2.24, (IC95%1.00-4.99), p<0.04)]. The PCT equal or greater than 21 pack-year, was associated with moderate anxiety; [RM=3.19 (IC95%1.94-5.25), p<.00]; high anxiety; [RM=3.36 (IC95% 1.66-6-80), p<.00]; with moderate depressive symptoms; [RM=3.14, (IC95% 1.75-5-62), p<.00] and severe depressive symptoms; [RM=9.85, (IC95% 3.30-29.37), p<.00)]. CONCLUSION: A significant association exists in smokers having high GA and PCT, with moderate and high anxiety and depressive symptoms that should be considered during interventions to quit.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the degree of addiction (DA) and pattern of tobacco consumption (PTC) with anxiety and depression in smokers who want to quit smoking. MATERIAL AND METHODS: At admission to a smoking cessation program 495 smokers were surveyed to determine anxiety (IDARE Test), depression (Beck Inventory Test), DA (Fagerström Test) and PTC (pack-years). RESULTS: DA ≥ 6 points was associated with high anxiety levels RM=1.94, (IC95%1.02-3.72), p<0.04]; and with symptoms of severe depression; [RM=2.24, (IC95%1.00-4.99), p<0.04)]. The PCT equal or greater than 21 pack-year, was associated with moderate anxiety; [RM=3.19 (IC95%1.94-5.25), p<.00]; high anxiety; [RM=3.36 (IC95% 1.66-6-80), p<.00]; with moderate depressive symptoms; [RM=3.14, (IC95% 1.75-5-62), p<.00] and severe depressive symptoms; [RM=9.85, (IC95% 3.30-29.37), p<.00)]. CONCLUSION: A significant association exists in smokers having high GA and PCT, with moderate and high anxiety and depressive symptoms that should be considered during interventions to quit.
Authors: Amira Osman; James F Thrasher; Ebru Cayir; James W Hardin; Rosaura Perez-Hernandez; Brett Froeliger Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2016-02-11 Impact factor: 4.267