Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: a decade of evolution.

The detection of renal tumors is increasing with the widespread use of ultrasonography and CT. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) offers less pain, smaller scars, and shorter convalescence. Expanded indications of LPN include larger and more complex tumors, including those in hilar or central locations, multiple tumors, solitary kidneys, and patients with previous renal surgery. This procedure is in constant evolution. We describe the technical nuances of LPN over the past decade of evolution.