Genotyping, gene genealogies and genomics bring fungal population genetics above ground.

As ubiquitous decomposers, symbionts and parasites, fungi build populations not easily accommodated by population genetic theory. Identifying and delineating individuals and populations is often difficult, and recombination can occur in complex and variable ways. Genotyping and gene genealogies provide the framework for identifying and delineating individuals and for detecting recombination in natural populations. Expanding genomic databases now make fungi ideal subjects for tracking mutation and expression in genes of adaptive importance in experimental populations.