Symbiosis, fisheries and economic development on coral reefs.

Life-history traits of commercially important species, physiological attributes of the framework species, and characteristics of ecosystem processes make coral reefs especially vulnerable to export of biomass. Organisms in ecosystems driven by upwelling and terrestrial nutrient input are more amenable to biomass yield. Nonexportive approaches to resource management, exemplified by Palau, are compatible with the attributes of coral-reef ecosystems; they satisfy to a greater degree the economic demands and pressures of growing human populations, and they provide motivation to manage.