BACKGROUND: Proximity to roadways increases the risk of asthma in developed countries; however, relatively little is known about this relationship in developing countries, where rapid and uncontrolled growth of cities has resulted in urban sprawl and heavy traffic volumes. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the effect of distance from a heavily transited avenue on asthma symptoms and quantitative respiratory outcome measures in a periurban shantytown in Lima, Peru. METHODS: We enrolled 725 adolescents aged 13 to 15 years who were administered a survey on asthma symptoms and measured spirometry, response to allergy skin testing, and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). We calculated distances from the main avenue for all households and measured indoor particulate matter in 100 households. We used multivariable regression to model the risk of asthma symptoms, risk of atopy, eNO levels, and FEV(1)/forced vital capacity ratio as a function of distance. RESULTS: Compared against 384 meters, the odds of current asthma symptoms in households living within 100 meters increased by a factor of 2 (P < .05). The odds of atopy increased by a factor of 1.07 for every 100-meter difference in the distance from the avenue (P = .03). We found an inverse relationship in prebronchodilator FEV(1)/forced vital capacity and distance to the avenue in female subjects (P = .01) but not in male subjects. We did not find an association between eNO or household particulate matter levels and distance. CONCLUSION: Living in close proximity to a high-traffic-density avenue in a periurban community in Peru was associated with a greater risk of asthma symptoms and atopy. Regulation of mobile-source pollutants in periurban areas of developing countries might help reduce the burden of asthma symptoms and atopy.
BACKGROUND: Proximity to roadways increases the risk of asthma in developed countries; however, relatively little is known about this relationship in developing countries, where rapid and uncontrolled growth of cities has resulted in urban sprawl and heavy traffic volumes. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the effect of distance from a heavily transited avenue on asthma symptoms and quantitative respiratory outcome measures in a periurban shantytown in Lima, Peru. METHODS: We enrolled 725 adolescents aged 13 to 15 years who were administered a survey on asthma symptoms and measured spirometry, response to allergy skin testing, and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). We calculated distances from the main avenue for all households and measured indoor particulate matter in 100 households. We used multivariable regression to model the risk of asthma symptoms, risk of atopy, eNO levels, and FEV(1)/forced vital capacity ratio as a function of distance. RESULTS: Compared against 384 meters, the odds of current asthma symptoms in households living within 100 meters increased by a factor of 2 (P < .05). The odds of atopy increased by a factor of 1.07 for every 100-meter difference in the distance from the avenue (P = .03). We found an inverse relationship in prebronchodilator FEV(1)/forced vital capacity and distance to the avenue in female subjects (P = .01) but not in male subjects. We did not find an association between eNO or household particulate matter levels and distance. CONCLUSION: Living in close proximity to a high-traffic-density avenue in a periurban community in Peru was associated with a greater risk of asthma symptoms and atopy. Regulation of mobile-source pollutants in periurban areas of developing countries might help reduce the burden of asthma symptoms and atopy.
Authors: M C Roorda-Knape; N A Janssen; J de Hartog; P H Van Vliet; H Harssema; B Brunekreef Journal: Sci Total Environ Date: 1999-09-01 Impact factor: 7.963
Authors: C Mata Fernández; M Fernández-Benítez; M Pérez Miranda; F Guillén Grima Journal: J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol Date: 2005 Impact factor: 4.333
Authors: S A Lewis; M Antoniak; A J Venn; L Davies; A Goodwin; N Salfield; J Britton; A W Fogarty Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2005-03-01 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: G S Leonardi; D Houthuijs; P A Steerenberg; T Fletcher; B Armstrong; T Antova; I Lochman; A Lochmanová; P Rudnai; E Erdei; J Musial; B Jazwiec-Kanyion; E M Niciu; S Durbaca; E Fabiánová; K Koppová; E Lebret; B Brunekreef; H van Loveren Journal: Inhal Toxicol Date: 2000 Impact factor: 2.724
Authors: Ralph J Delfino; Penelope J E Quintana; Josh Floro; Victor M Gastañaga; Behzad S Samimi; Michael T Kleinman; L-J Sally Liu; Charles Bufalino; Chang-Fu Wu; Christine E McLaren Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2004-06 Impact factor: 9.031
Authors: Marissa Hauptman; Jonathan M Gaffin; Carter R Petty; William J Sheehan; Peggy S Lai; Brent Coull; Diane R Gold; Wanda Phipatanakul Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Date: 2019-09-23 Impact factor: 10.793
Authors: Kyung Hwa Jung; Kerlly Bernabé; Kathleen Moors; Beizhan Yan; Steven N Chillrud; Robin Whyatt; David Camann; Patrick L Kinney; Frederica P Perera; Rachel L Miller Journal: Atmosphere (Basel) Date: 2011-05-16 Impact factor: 2.686
Authors: Daniel J Raiten; Fayrouz A Sakr Ashour; A Catharine Ross; Simin N Meydani; Harry D Dawson; Charles B Stephensen; Bernard J Brabin; Parminder S Suchdev; Ben van Ommen Journal: J Nutr Date: 2015-04-01 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Colin L Robinson; Lauren M Baumann; Karina Romero; Juan M Combe; Alfonso Gomez; Robert H Gilman; Lilia Cabrera; Guillermo Gonzalvez; Nadia N Hansel; Robert A Wise; Kathleen C Barnes; Patrick N Breysse; William Checkley Journal: Thorax Date: 2011-07-05 Impact factor: 9.139
Authors: Brooks W Morgan; Trishul Siddharthan; Matthew R Grigsby; Suzanne L Pollard; Robert Kalyesubula; Robert A Wise; Bruce Kirenga; William Checkley Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract Date: 2018-02-01
Authors: Gustavo F Gonzales; Alisson Zevallos; Cynthia Gonzales-Castañeda; Denisse Nuñez; Carmen Gastañaga; César Cabezas; Luke Naeher; Karen Levy; Kyle Steenland Journal: Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica Date: 2014 Jul-Sep
Authors: William Checkley; Colin L Robinson; Lauren M Baumann; Karina Romero; Juan M Combe; Robert H Gilman; Robert A Wise; Robert G Hamilton; Guillermo Gonzalvez; Vitaliano Cama; Nadia N Hansel Journal: Eur Respir J Date: 2012-07-26 Impact factor: 16.671
Authors: Brooks W Morgan; Matthew R Grigsby; Trishul Siddharthan; Muhammad Chowdhury; Adolfo Rubinstein; Laura Gutierrez; Vilma Irazola; J Jaime Miranda; Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz; Dewan Alam; Robert A Wise; William Checkley Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Date: 2018-10-04 Impact factor: 10.793