Synthesis and Antimicrobial Screening of Pyrazolo-3-Aryl Quinazolin-4(3H)ones.

2-thio-3-aryl quinazolin-4(3H)one (1) was synthesized by reacting anthranilic acid with thiocarbamate salts of substituted aniline and carbon disulphide, which on reflux with excess of hydrazine hydrate to form 2-hydrazino quinazolin-4(3H)one derivatives (2). The reaction of (2) with variously substituted aryl aldehydes gave the corresponding hydrazones (3). Further, the cyclization of compound (3) in acetic anhydride gave tricyclic pyrazoloquinazolinones (4). All newly synthesized compounds have been tested for their antibacterial activity against gram +ve bacteria B. substilis, S. aureus and gram -ve bacteria E. coli, P. vulgaris. The species used for antifungal activity are Aspergillus niger and Phytophora. Introduction of -OCH3, -OH and -Cl groups to the heterocyclic frame work enhanced antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Derivatives quinazolines are of special importance because of their versatile biological activities[12], especially antihistaminic[3], antiinflammatory[4], antihypertensive[5], antiHIV[6], antifungal[67], antimicrobial[89], anticonvulsant[10], antithrombotic[11], antitubercular[1213], antitumor[14], analgesic[15], antibacterial[615] and insecticidal[16]. In this paper, a new route for the synthesis of pyrazolo quinazolinones is reported.

The strategy employed for the synthesis of desired compounds involved the sequential treatment of anthranilic acid with thiocarbamate salts of substituted aniline and carbon disulphide to give substituted 2-thio-3-aryl quinazol-4(3H)ones (1). The appearance of broad band at 3330-3110 cm-1 in IR spectrum and a singlet displayed at δ, 10-13 ppm in the PMR spectrum due to -SH supports their formation. Compound (1) were refluxed with excess hydrazine hydrate to form 2-hydrazino derivative (2), the formation witch has been explained by the appearance of IR band at 3390-3100 cm-1 due to -NHNH2 and disappearance of signal observed at δ, 10-13 ppm due to -SH and the appearance of two additional singlet between δ, 9-11 and δ, 2-7 ppm due to -NH and -NH2 protons, respectively in their PMR spectra. The condensation of (2) with variously substituted aryl aldehydes gave the corresponding hydrazones (3). The appearance -NH and =CH protons at δ, 5.1 and δ, 8.2 in PMR spectrum and also disappearance of -NH2 band 3390-3200 cm-1 in IR spectrum indicated their formation. Further, the cyclization of compound (3) in acetic anhydride gave tricyclic triazolo quinazolones (4). The formation of these compounds have been established by the disappearance of the PMR singlet due to -NH and =CH displayed at δ, 5.1 and δ, 8.2, respectively in the PMR spectrum of (3).(Scheme 1)

Scheme 1

Synthetic route for synthesis of Quinazolin-4(3H)One derivatives

All chemicals used were of AR grade and are used without further purification. Melting points were determined by open capillary method and are uncorrected. 1H NMR spectra in DMSO-d6 were scanned on a Bruker A-300 F-NMR spectrometer. IR spectra were recorded on a Perkin-Elmer 783 (FTIR) spectrophotometer. Purity of the products in addition to the elemental analysis was checked by TLC.

The starting compound (1) was prepared by reported method[17]. 2-Hydrazino 3-p-methoxy phenyl quinazolin-4(3H)one (2a) was synthesized as follows; The compound (la) (5.0 g, 0.018 mole) was refluxed with excess of hydrazine hydrate (15 ml) with constant stirring at 100°C for about 1 ½ h, cooled and the solid obtained was filtered and recrystallized from ethanol to furnish (2a), IR(KBr); 3386-3328 (-HNNH 2), 1664 (cyclic amido C=O) cm-1; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ, 3.81(3H,s,Ar-OCH3), 6.25(2H,s,-NH2), 6.9-7.8(8H,m, Ar-H), 10.9(1H,s, br, -NH).

2-(p-Methoxybenzylidene)hydrazine-3-(p-methoxyphenyl)quinazolin-4-(3H)one (3a-1) was synthesized using following procedure; the mixture of compound (2a) (0.2 g, 0.0007 mole) and p-methoxy benzaldehyde (0.1 g, 0.0007 mole) in ethanol (10 ml) to which two drops of acetic acid were added and the reaction mixture heated on oil bath for 5 h. The separated solid was filtered under vacuum and further recrystallized from DMF, IR(KBr); 3100-3350(-NH), 1665 cm-1 (cyclic amido >C=O), 1600 cm-1(-C=N); 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): 3.82 (3H, s, Ar-OCH3), 3.84 (3H, s, another Ar-OCH3), 6.00 (1H, s, br, -NH), 8.21 (1H, s, =CH), 6.8-8.1 (12H, m, Ar-H), 8.20 (=CH) ppm.

3,5’-(p-Dimethoxyphenyl) pyrazolo-[3’,4’-a] quinazolin-4(3H)one (4a-1) was synthesized as follows; To a solution of compound (3a-1) (0.1 g, 0.00025 mole) in acetic anhydride (10 ml) was refluxed for about 2 h then poured in ice-cold water and separated solid was filtered, recrystallized from DMF to get desired tricyclic pyrazolo quinazolinones, IR (KBr): 1665 cm-1 (cyclic amido > C=O) and 1620 cm-1 (C=N); 1H NMR: (DMSO-d6): 3.79 (3H, s, Ar-OCH3) 3.95(3H, s, another Ar-OCH3), 6.8-8.2(12H, m, Ar-H) ppm. (Table 1)

TABLE 1

CHARACTERIZATION DATA OF COMPOUNDS 2, 3 AND 4

S. No.	R Groups	M.P.(o)	Yield (%)	Mol. Formula	% C		% H		% N
					Cal.	Found	Cal.	Found	Cal.	Found
2a	p-OCH3	205	76	C15H14O2N4	63.82	63.76	5.00	5.10	19.85	19.90
2b	p-CH3	215	86	C15H14ON4	67.65	67.59	5.30	5.38	21.04	21.10
2c	p-Cl	218	82	C14H11ON4Cl	58.65	58.58	3.87	4.95	19.54	19.47
2d	p-Br	196	83	C14H11ON4Br	50.78	50.62	3.35	3.40	16.92	16.86
	R’groups
4a-1	p-OCH3C6H4	230	83	C23H18O3N4	69.34	69.45	4.55	4.41	14.06	13.86
4a-2	o-NO2C6H4	193	78	C22H15O4N5	63.92	63.85	3.66	3.70	16.94	16.82
4a-3	3,4,5(OCH3)3-C6H2	211	68	C25H22O5N4	65.49	67.00	4.84	4.89	12.22	12.18
4a-4	o-OHC6H4	216	77	C22H16O3N4	68.74	68.80	4.20	4.16	14.58	14.49
4a-5	p-OHC6H4	239	71	C22H16O3N4	68.74	68.65	4.20	4.18	14.58	14.50
4a-6	o-ClC6H4	241	70	C22H15O2N4Cl	65.60	65.60	3.75	3.68	13.91	14.00
4a-7	p-ClC6H4	235	72	C22H15ON4Cl	65.60	65.58	3.75	3.81	13.91	13.86
4a-8	p-OH,m-OCH3-C6H3	243	78	C23H18O4N4	66.66	66.70	4.38	4.40	13.52	13.60
4b-1	p-OCH3C6H4	198	86	C23H18O2N4	72.24	72.30	4.74	4.81	14.65	14.72
4b-2	o-NO2C6H4	175	81	C22H15O3N5	66.49	66.40	3.80	3.75	17.62	17.70
4b-3	3,4,5(OCH3)3-C6H2	203	78	C25H22O4N4	67.86	67.70	5.01	5.11	12.66	12.73
4b-4	o-OHC6H4	218	68	C22H16O2N4	71.73	71.62	4.38	4.29	15.21	15.30
4b-5	p-OHC6H4	221	62	C22H16O2N4	71.73	71.66	4.38	4.30	15.21	15.16
4b-6	o-ClC6H4	216	72	C22H15ON4Cl	68.31	68.40	3.91	3.83	14.48	14.53
4b-7	p-ClC6H4	235	72	C22H15ON4Cl	68.31	68.39	3.91	4.00	14.48	14.51
4b-8	p-OH,m-OCH3-C6H3	235	81	C23H18O3N4	69.34	69.28	4.55	4.49	14.06	14.10
4c-1	p-OCH3C6H4	246	86	C22H15O2N4Cl	65.60	64.30	3.75	3.81	13.91	13.84
4c-2	o-NO2C6H4	198	82	C21H12O3N5Cl	60.37	60.45	2.89	2.81	16.76	16.68
4c-3	3,4,5(OCH3)3-C6H2	261	79	C24H24O4N4Cl	62.27	62.32	4.14	4.21	12.10	12.05
4c-4	o-OHC6H4	232	71	C21H13O2N4Cl	64.87	64.91	3.37	3.42	14.41	14.35
4c-5	p-OHC6H4	222	69	C21H13O2N4Cl	64.87	65.00	3.37	3.40	14.41	14.50
4c-6	o-ClC6H4	248	65	C21H12ON4Cl2	61.93	61.85	2.97	3.05	13.76	13.81
4c-7	p-ClC6H4	242	80	C21H12ON4Cl2	61.93	61.86	2.97	3.10	13.76	13.82
4c-8	p-OH,m-OCH3-C6H3	243	65	C22H15O3N4Cl	63.09	63.13	3.61	3.53	13.38	13.31
4d-1	p-OCH3C6H4	246	86	C21H15O2N4Br	59.08	59.10	3.38	3.42	12.53	12.60
4d-2	o-NO2C6H4	198	82	C21H12O3N5Br	54.56	54.50	2.62	2.56	15.15	15.10
4d-3	3,4,5(OCH3)-C6H2	261	79	C24H19O4N4Br	56.82	56.89	3.77	3.68	11.04	11.12
4d-4	o-OHC6H4	232	71	C21H13O2N4Br	58.22	58.16	3.02	3.11	12.93	12.84
4d-5	p-OHC6H4	222	69	C21H13O2N4Br	58.22	58.31	3.02	3.12	12.93	12.86
4d-6	o-ClC6H4	248	65	C21H12ON4ClBr	55.84	55.91	2.68	2.61	12.40	12.32
4d-7	p-ClC6H4	218	73	C21H12ON4ClBr	55.84	55.80	2.68	2.73	12.40	12.46
4d-8	p-OH,m-OCH3C6H3	226	78	C23H18O4N4Br	57.04	57.12	3.26	3.20	12.09	12.11

The antimicrobial screening of synthesized compounds was carried out by paper disc diffusion method[18] at 100 ppm against Gram +ve bacteria B. substilis, S. aureus and Gram –ve bacteria like E. coli, P. vulgaris. The antifungal activity of the compounds was assayed using fungal species Aspergillus niger and Phytophora. Standard antibacterial streptomycin and antifungal griseofulvin were also screened under similar condition for comparison. (Table 2)

TABLE 2

ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING DATA OF THE DERIVATIVES OF 4

Comp	Bacteria			Fungi
	E. coli	p. valgaris	B. subtilis	S. aureus	Aspergillus niger	Phytophora spp
4a-1	17	16	12	17	17	15
4a-2	5	7	15	14	5	11
4a-3	20	14	19	14	16	12
4a-4	7	10	7	4	8	1
4a-5	14	5	9	11	13	8
4a-6	16	20	17	15	17	20
4a-7	18	18	17	12	19	18
4a-8	12	15	11	12	12	14
4b-1	20	19	11	16	19	12
4b-2	4	8	9	7	4	8
4b-3	25	20	16	17	20	16
4b-4	9	4	14	4	9	7
4b-5	5	9	12	8	7	9
4b-6	17	11	16	11	19	19
4b-7	16	20	16	13	18	11
4b-8	11	12	14	11	12	12
4c-1	16	20	13	16	20	15
4c-2	9	4	8	4	8	10
4c-3	20	18	17	20	18	20
4c-4	8	6	12	6	8	5
4c-5	5	5	11	7	23	16
4c-6	22	19	18	17	23	16
4c-7	19	22	17	16	24	17
4c-8	11	11	7	12	9	12
4d-1	20	20	11	19	18	11
4d-2	14	14	6	8	12	7
4d-3	22	24	18	25	20	18
4d-4	7	8	11	5	7	7
4d-5	12	12	14	9	13	10
4d-6	25	23	20	16	24	20
4d-7	20	21	25	20	22	24
4d-8	15	12	14	11	15	11

Diameter of zone of inhibition in milimeters

The result indicated that some compounds exhibit good antimicrobial activity against the above mentioned bacterial and fungal species, while some compounds have moderate antimicrobial activity against both Gram +ve and Gram –ve bacterial and fungal species. It was absovered that introduction of -OCH3 and -Cl groups to the heterocyclic frame work enhanced antibacterial and antifungal activities.