Transport effects on surface reaction arrays: biosensor applications.

The ubiquity of surface-volume reactions in biological and industrial processes makes knowledge of their kinetics critical. This has spurred technological advances in several biosensors designed to measure rate constants, such as the Flexchip and the dotLab. These biosensors have multiple reacting zones in a single flow channel, and hence they also serve as good model systems for biochemical systems with multiple reacting zones, such as cell membranes. A correct mathematical model for such systems must incorporate the effects of transport and zone position. A basic unidirectional flow model is developed in general and solved for typical experimental parameters using perturbation methods. The effect of zone placement along the channel can be quantified in terms of an effective Damköhler number based upon position. Moreover, it is established that zone placement across the channel does not affect the measurements.