Michael Rosen1. 1. University of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK. rosen@mrosen.plus.com
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To ascertain whether there is medical and religious agreement that neonates being circumcised should have anesthesia. AIM: To enquire of pediatric and anesthetic surgical bodies and religious authorities, the need for and any objections to anesthesia. BACKGROUND: Many neonatal circumcisions are still carried out without anesthesia worldwide. Muslims are recommended to be circumcised but it is not a religious requirement. It can be carried out at any time, by a surgeon and anesthetist. Jewish law requires circumcision (Bris) on the eighth day, by a Jewish circumciser (a mohel) and is usually, but not essentially, in the home. RESULT: All the medical authorities agree that anesthesia should be administered. Religious authorities cannot find any reasons to avoid anesthesia. The 'any day' request for anesthesia is difficult to meet with a shortage of pediatric anesthetists. Local anesthesia is suitable, but requires skills. CONCLUSION: (i) That anesthesia should be provided for neonatal circumcision. (ii) That there will be difficulties in providing a professional service. (iii) That EMLA cream is the most practical, even if only partly effective. (iv) A website demonstrating application to parents would encourage usage.
OBJECTIVES: To ascertain whether there is medical and religious agreement that neonates being circumcised should have anesthesia. AIM: To enquire of pediatric and anesthetic surgical bodies and religious authorities, the need for and any objections to anesthesia. BACKGROUND: Many neonatal circumcisions are still carried out without anesthesia worldwide. Muslims are recommended to be circumcised but it is not a religious requirement. It can be carried out at any time, by a surgeon and anesthetist. Jewish law requires circumcision (Bris) on the eighth day, by a Jewish circumciser (a mohel) and is usually, but not essentially, in the home. RESULT: All the medical authorities agree that anesthesia should be administered. Religious authorities cannot find any reasons to avoid anesthesia. The 'any day' request for anesthesia is difficult to meet with a shortage of pediatric anesthetists. Local anesthesia is suitable, but requires skills. CONCLUSION: (i) That anesthesia should be provided for neonatal circumcision. (ii) That there will be difficulties in providing a professional service. (iii) That EMLA cream is the most practical, even if only partly effective. (iv) A website demonstrating application to parents would encourage usage.