PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the integrated infrared reflectance, fundus autofluorescence, and fluorescein angiography (integrated confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy fundus imaging) features of reticular pseudodrusen and eye-tracked Spectralis high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis SD-OCT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). METHODS: Twenty-two consecutive patients with reticular pseudodrusen were prospectively enrolled and evaluated regarding confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy fundus imaging and eye-tracked SD-OCT findings. RESULTS: Integrated fundus imaging revealed a "target" aspect of most reticular pseudodrusen in the 42 included eyes (22 patients; 12 women, 10 men; mean age 81.38 ± 6.47 years). On fundus autofluorescence and infrared reflectance, the center of most reticular pseudodrusen appeared as an area of isoautofluorescence/reflectance surrounded by halos of reduced autofluorescence/reflectance. Similarly, on fluorescein angiography, the center of reticular pseudodrusen appeared as an area of decreased fluorescence surrounded by a faint halo of increased fluorescence. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography showed a well-defined round or triangular hyperreflective deposit localized between, externally, the retinal pigment epithelium layer, and, internally, the external limiting membrane or the outer plexiform layer. Moreover, SD-OCT showed the loss of both outer segment/retinal pigment epithelium interface and inner segment/outer segment interface over the hyperreflective lesions, as well as an abrupt interruption of both these interfaces at the border of the hyperreflective lesions. CONCLUSION: The peculiar confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy fundus imaging and tracked SD-OCT of reticular pseudodrusen suggest the presence of central lipofuscin-like retinal deposits localized above the retinal pigment epithelium. These findings give insights to other possible aspects of age-related retinal changes.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the integrated infrared reflectance, fundus autofluorescence, and fluorescein angiography (integrated confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy fundus imaging) features of reticular pseudodrusen and eye-tracked Spectralis high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis SD-OCT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). METHODS: Twenty-two consecutive patients with reticular pseudodrusen were prospectively enrolled and evaluated regarding confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy fundus imaging and eye-tracked SD-OCT findings. RESULTS: Integrated fundus imaging revealed a "target" aspect of most reticular pseudodrusen in the 42 included eyes (22 patients; 12 women, 10 men; mean age 81.38 ± 6.47 years). On fundus autofluorescence and infrared reflectance, the center of most reticular pseudodrusen appeared as an area of isoautofluorescence/reflectance surrounded by halos of reduced autofluorescence/reflectance. Similarly, on fluorescein angiography, the center of reticular pseudodrusen appeared as an area of decreased fluorescence surrounded by a faint halo of increased fluorescence. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography showed a well-defined round or triangular hyperreflective deposit localized between, externally, the retinal pigment epithelium layer, and, internally, the external limiting membrane or the outer plexiform layer. Moreover, SD-OCT showed the loss of both outer segment/retinal pigment epithelium interface and inner segment/outer segment interface over the hyperreflective lesions, as well as an abrupt interruption of both these interfaces at the border of the hyperreflective lesions. CONCLUSION: The peculiar confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy fundus imaging and tracked SD-OCT of reticular pseudodrusen suggest the presence of central lipofuscin-like retinal deposits localized above the retinal pigment epithelium. These findings give insights to other possible aspects of age-related retinal changes.
Authors: Aakriti Garg; Maris Oll; Suzanne Yzer; Stanley Chang; Gaetano R Barile; John C Merriam; Stephen H Tsang; Srilaxmi Bearelly Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2013-10-29 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Anna V Zarubina; David C Neely; Mark E Clark; Carrie E Huisingh; Brian C Samuels; Yuhua Zhang; Gerald McGwin; Cynthia Owsley; Christine A Curcio Journal: Ophthalmology Date: 2016-02-10 Impact factor: 12.079
Authors: Yuhua Zhang; Xiaolin Wang; Ernesto Blanco Rivero; Mark E Clark; Clark Douglas Witherspoon; Richard F Spaide; Christopher A Girkin; Cynthia Owsley; Christine A Curcio Journal: Am J Ophthalmol Date: 2014-06-05 Impact factor: 5.258
Authors: Robert P Finger; Zhichao Wu; Chi D Luu; Frances Kearney; Lauren N Ayton; Lucia M Lucci; William C Hubbard; Jill L Hageman; Gregory S Hageman; Robyn H Guymer Journal: Ophthalmology Date: 2014-02-08 Impact factor: 12.079