Relationship between spouse/partner support and depressive symptoms in older adults: gender difference.

Based on data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, Wave 1, the purpose of this study was to examine possible gender difference in the relationship between the level of spouse/partner support and depressive symptoms in late life. Depressive symptoms were measured by the 11-item, four-point Center for Epidemiologic Scale for Depression (CES-D), and spouse/partner support was measured by a four-item scale, an abbreviated version of the original spouse support/strain scale developed by Schuster, Kessler, and Aseltine (1990). The results from regression analyses show that low perceived spouse/partner support, as opposed to unavailability of the support, was associated with higher CES-D scores among women only, while high spouse/partner support was associated with lower CES-D scores for both genders. These relationship patterns were found in both younger and older groups of men and women.