PURPOSE: Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is used as a vaccine adjuvant, as a carrier protein for small haptens, and as a treatment for bladder cancer. Immunization with KLH produces antibodies to tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) in animals, and these antibodies have been postulated as the basis of efficacy for bladder cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antibody responses to KLH in humans. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A carbohydrate microarray was used to profile antibody responses in 14 individuals immunized with KLH plus alum adjuvant. RESULTS: Eight out of fourteen individuals produced antibodies to at least one TACA. Increases to Lewis X, Lewis Y, GA1di, GM3, and sialyl Lewis A were observed in certain individuals, but, in general, antibody profiles were highly variable. Pre-immunization antibody levels to a subset of array antigens had a statistically significant correlation with the magnitude of the antibody response to KLH. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Antibodies to TACAs can be produced in humans, but antibody profiles differ considerably from person to person, which may contribute to variable clinical responses with KLH. Pre-treatment antibody levels to certain antigens may be useful for predicting which patients will respond favorably to KLH.
PURPOSE: Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is used as a vaccine adjuvant, as a carrier protein for small haptens, and as a treatment for bladder cancer. Immunization with KLH produces antibodies to tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) in animals, and these antibodies have been postulated as the basis of efficacy for bladder cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antibody responses to KLH in humans. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A carbohydrate microarray was used to profile antibody responses in 14 individuals immunized with KLH plus alum adjuvant. RESULTS: Eight out of fourteen individuals produced antibodies to at least one TACA. Increases to Lewis X, Lewis Y, GA1di, GM3, and sialyl Lewis A were observed in certain individuals, but, in general, antibody profiles were highly variable. Pre-immunization antibody levels to a subset of array antigens had a statistically significant correlation with the magnitude of the antibody response to KLH. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Antibodies to TACAs can be produced in humans, but antibody profiles differ considerably from person to person, which may contribute to variable clinical responses with KLH. Pre-treatment antibody levels to certain antigens may be useful for predicting which patients will respond favorably to KLH.
Authors: Teresa A Gilewski; Govind Ragupathi; Maura Dickler; Shemeeakah Powell; Sonal Bhuta; Kathy Panageas; R Rao Koganty; Jeannette Chin-Eng; Clifford Hudis; Larry Norton; Alan N Houghton; Philip O Livingston Journal: Clin Cancer Res Date: 2007-05-15 Impact factor: 12.531
Authors: Florian Wimmers; Nienke de Haas; Anja Scholzen; Gerty Schreibelt; Elles Simonetti; Marc J Eleveld; Huberdina M L M Brouwers; Marjo Beldhuis-Valkis; Irma Joosten; Marien I de Jonge; Winald R Gerritsen; I Jolanda M de Vries; Dimitri A Diavatopoulos; Joannes F M Jacobs Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2017-03-07 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Christopher T Campbell; Sean R Llewellyn; Thorsten Demberg; Thorsten Damberg; Ian L Morgan; Marjorie Robert-Guroff; Jeffrey C Gildersleeve Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-09-23 Impact factor: 3.240