Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms in North Indian patients with recurrent miscarriages.

The association of four common polymorphisms of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) with recurrent miscarriages(RM) was evaluated in North Indian women for 200 patients with RM and 200 controls. The subjects were genotyped for the polymorphisms 2578C/A, 2549 18-bp I/D, 1154G/A and +936C/T. Association of VEGF genotypes, alleles and haplotypes with recurrent miscarriage were evaluated by Fisher’s exact test. 1154G/A and +936C/T modified the risk of RM. The 1154A allel and +936T allel significantly increased the risk of RM (OR = 1.485, P = 0.0210, 95% CI 1.072–2.057 and OR = 1.869, P = 0.0054, 95% CI 1.214–2.876 respectively). Risk was further increased when –1154A/A genotype and +936C/T genotype were considered (OR = 2.0, P = 0.0310,95% CI 1.068–3.747 and OR = 1.716, P = 0.0293, 95% CI 1.058–2.784 respectively). However, no association was found between 2578C/A or 2549 18-bp I/D and RM. Four haplotypes, AIAC, ADAC, CIAT and ADGT, were found to predispose to RM while the haplotypes CIAC, CDGT and ADGC were found to show protective effect. In conclusion, two common polymorphisms of the VEGF gene,1154G/A and +936C/T, increase the risk of RM in North Indian women. RM is also predisposed in the presence of haplotypes AIAC,ADAC, CIAT and ADGT.