Microvascular reconstruction of nasal defects.

Microvascular reconstruction of nasal defects is a complex procedure and must consider 3 nasal components: skin, osteocartilaginous framework, and intranasal lining. These layers can be reconstructed with various flaps and grafts. The commonly used flaps are the first dorsal metacarpal flap, dorsalis pedis flap, auricular helical rim flap, and radial forearm and prelaminated flaps. These flaps can be composed of skin and cartilage or skin and bone. The decision is based on the patient's needs taking into consideration the extent of the defect and presence or absence of nasal septum and columella.