OBJECTIVE: • To investigate androgen receptor (AR) expression in a large series of patients with bladder cancer (BC) because data on a limited number of patients showed that loss of AR expression was associated with invasive BC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: • A total of 472 patients with urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) from two institutional centres (Toronto and Dallas) were analysed. Tissue microarrays comprising both non-muscle-invasive UBC (n= 167) and muscle-invasive UBC (n= 305) were accrued and immunohistochemical staining for AR was performed. • We used bright-field microscopy imaging coupled with advanced colour detection software to detect, classify and count stained cellular objects and manual scoring. • Results obtained in Dallas were blindly reviewed and validated in Toronto and samples randomly chosen were further analysed in Rochester, NY, USA. RESULTS: • The AR were positively expressed in 61/472 (12.9%) bladder tumours. No statistically significant difference in AR expression between men and women was observed. • Only 9.0% of non-muscle-invasive BC expressed the AR compared with 15.1% of muscle-invasive tumours (P= 0.059). The highest percentage of AR positivity (28.9% of cases) was found in T2 tumours. • There was no statistically significant difference in death from BC, time to death, or time to recurrence between AR-positive and AR-negative cases. CONCLUSION: • In contrast to previous reports, based on our large BC series, we did not observe a decrease in AR protein expression in bladder tumours with increased pathological stage. Our data do not suggest that loss of AR expression is gender-related nor is it associated with invasive BC.
OBJECTIVE: • To investigate androgen receptor (AR) expression in a large series of patients with bladder cancer (BC) because data on a limited number of patients showed that loss of AR expression was associated with invasive BC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: • A total of 472 patients with urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) from two institutional centres (Toronto and Dallas) were analysed. Tissue microarrays comprising both non-muscle-invasive UBC (n= 167) and muscle-invasive UBC (n= 305) were accrued and immunohistochemical staining for AR was performed. • We used bright-field microscopy imaging coupled with advanced colour detection software to detect, classify and count stained cellular objects and manual scoring. • Results obtained in Dallas were blindly reviewed and validated in Toronto and samples randomly chosen were further analysed in Rochester, NY, USA. RESULTS: • The AR were positively expressed in 61/472 (12.9%) bladder tumours. No statistically significant difference in AR expression between men and women was observed. • Only 9.0% of non-muscle-invasive BC expressed the AR compared with 15.1% of muscle-invasive tumours (P= 0.059). The highest percentage of AR positivity (28.9% of cases) was found in T2 tumours. • There was no statistically significant difference in death from BC, time to death, or time to recurrence between AR-positive and AR-negative cases. CONCLUSION: • In contrast to previous reports, based on our large BC series, we did not observe a decrease in AR protein expression in bladder tumours with increased pathological stage. Our data do not suggest that loss of AR expression is gender-related nor is it associated with invasive BC.
Authors: Michael Rink; Eugene K Cha; David Green; Jens Hansen; Brian D Robinson; Yair Lotan; Arthur I Sagalowsky; Felix K Chun; Pierre I Karakiewicz; Margit Fisch; Douglas S Scherr; Shahrokh F Shariat Journal: Curr Urol Rep Date: 2012-04 Impact factor: 3.092
Authors: Katarzyna Marcinkiewicz; Kymora B Scotland; Stephen A Boorjian; Emeli M Nilsson; Jenny Liao Persson; Per Anders Abrahamsson; Cinzia Allegrucci; Ieuan A Hughes; Lorraine J Gudas; Nigel P Mongan Journal: Int J Oncol Date: 2011-09-28 Impact factor: 5.650
Authors: G J Wirth; A Haitel; M Moschini; F Soria; T Klatte; M R Hassler; K Bensalah; A Briganti; J A Karam; Y Lotan; V Margulis; J D Raman; M Remzi; N Rioux-Leclercq; B D Robinson; M Rouprêt; C G Wood; S F Shariat Journal: World J Urol Date: 2016-10-11 Impact factor: 4.226
Authors: Marco Moschini; Emanuele Zaffuto; Pierre Karakiewicz; Agostino Mattei; Giorgio Gandaglia; Nicola Fossati; Francesco Montorsi; Alberto Briganti; Shahrokh F Shariat Journal: World J Urol Date: 2018-10-01 Impact factor: 4.226
Authors: Arshad H Rahmani; Mohammad Alzohairy; Ali Yousif Y Babiker; Amjad A Khan; Salah M Aly; Moshahid A Rizvi Journal: Int J Mol Epidemiol Genet Date: 2013-09-12