[Caspofungin after solid organ transplantation in Germany: observational study on treatment of invasive fungal infections].

BACKGROUND: This study was a pre-planned country-specific secondary analysis of results in Germany from a multinational multicenter observational study to retrospectively evaluate clinical outcomes with caspofungin in patients with probable and proven invasive fungal infection following solid organ transplantation (SOT).
METHODS: Data were retrospectively collected on a single episode of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in patients who had a SOT between January 2004 and June 2007. Effectiveness was reported as the proportion of patients who received at least five doses of caspofungin with a favorable (complete or partial) response. Safety was assessed for patients who received at least one dose of caspofungin. Descriptive statistics were employed for all evaluations.
RESULTS: A total of 41 SOT patients (27 male, 14 female; median age 56 years, median APACHE II score at start of caspofungin therapy 23) were enrolled from 5 sites in Germany. Organs transplanted were mainly heart (51%) and liver (46%). Prevalent risk factors for IFI at baseline were use of central venous catheter (37 out of 41 patients, 90%), steroid use (37 out of 41 patients, 90%), recent stay in intensive care (36 out of 41 patients, 88%),and duration of SOT procedure >5 hours (21 out of 41 patients, 51%). Candidiasis was diagnosed in 34 patients (83%) and aspergillosis in 10 patients (24%). The lungs were the most common site of IFI (21 out of 41, 51%). Caspofungin as monotherapy was received by 28 patients (68%); 6 patients (15%) received caspofungin as salvage therapy for IFI, in most cases because they were refractory to prior antifungal drugs. Immunosuppressants were administered with caspofungin in 39 out of 41 patients (95%). In subjects with at least 5 doses of caspofungin (modified intention to treat population) the favorable response rate at the end of caspofungin therapy was 88% overall, 29 out of 33 patients; 95% confidence interval (95%-CI) 72-97%), 86% (19 out of 22 patients) with monotherapy and 91% (10 out of 11 patients) with combination therapy. No (serious) adverse events or drug interactions related to treatment with caspofungin were reported. The overall survival rate was 79% (26 out of 33 patients; 95%-CI 61-91%) at 7 days after completion of caspofungin treatment.
CONCLUSION: Caspofungin was found to be an effective treatment of probable and proven invasive fungal infections in patients following SOT in Germany.