PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we will provide the scientific rationale for the use of poxvirus vectors in the field of HIV vaccines, the immunological profile of the vaccine-induced immune responses, an update on the current use of poxvirus vector-based vaccines in HIV vaccine clinical trials, and the development of new modified poxvirus vectors with improved immunological profile. RECENT FINDINGS: An Ad5-HIV vaccine was tested in a phase IIb clinical trial (known as the Step trial). Vaccinations in the Step trial were discontinued because the vaccine did not show any effect on acquisition of infection and on viral load. After the disappointing failure of the Step trial, the field of HIV vaccine has regained enthusiasm and vigour due to the promising protective effect observed in the phase III efficacy trial (known as RV-144) performed in Thailand which has tested a poxvirus-gp120 combination. SUMMARY: The RV-144 phase III has provided for the first time evidence that an HIV vaccine can prevent HIV infection. The results from the RV-144 trial are providing the scientific rationale for the future development of the HIV vaccine field and for designing future efficacy trials.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we will provide the scientific rationale for the use of poxvirus vectors in the field of HIV vaccines, the immunological profile of the vaccine-induced immune responses, an update on the current use of poxvirus vector-based vaccines in HIV vaccine clinical trials, and the development of new modified poxvirus vectors with improved immunological profile. RECENT FINDINGS: An Ad5-HIV vaccine was tested in a phase IIb clinical trial (known as the Step trial). Vaccinations in the Step trial were discontinued because the vaccine did not show any effect on acquisition of infection and on viral load. After the disappointing failure of the Step trial, the field of HIV vaccine has regained enthusiasm and vigour due to the promising protective effect observed in the phase III efficacy trial (known as RV-144) performed in Thailand which has tested a poxvirus-gp120 combination. SUMMARY: The RV-144 phase III has provided for the first time evidence that an HIV vaccine can prevent HIV infection. The results from the RV-144 trial are providing the scientific rationale for the future development of the HIV vaccine field and for designing future efficacy trials.
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Authors: Mauricio A Martins; Damien C Tully; Young C Shin; Lucas Gonzalez-Nieto; Kim L Weisgrau; David J Bean; Rujuta Gadgil; Martin J Gutman; Aline Domingues; Helen S Maxwell; Diogo M Magnani; Michael Ricciardi; Nuria Pedreño-Lopez; Varian Bailey; Michael A Cruz; Noemia S Lima; Myrna C Bonaldo; John D Altman; Eva Rakasz; Saverio Capuano; Keith A Reimann; Michael Piatak; Jeffrey D Lifson; Ronald C Desrosiers; Todd M Allen; David I Watkins Journal: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses Date: 2017-06-29 Impact factor: 2.205
Authors: Lucas Sánchez-Sampedro; Carmen Elena Gómez; Ernesto Mejías-Pérez; Eva Pérez-Jiménez; Juan Carlos Oliveros; Mariano Esteban Journal: J Virol Date: 2013-04-17 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Peter Hayes; Jill Gilmour; Andrea von Lieven; Dilbinder Gill; Lorna Clark; Jakub Kopycinski; Hannah Cheeseman; Amy Chung; Galit Alter; Len Dally; Devika Zachariah; Angela Lombardo; James Ackland; Eddy Sayeed; Akil Jackson; Marta Boffito; Brian Gazzard; Patricia E Fast; Josephine H Cox; Dagna Laufer Journal: Clin Vaccine Immunol Date: 2013-01-23