BACKGROUND: The imprinted gene dlk1 has been recognized as a cancer related gene since it aberrantly expressed in a series of cancer tissues, but its role in lung cancer is still unknown. The aim of this study is to examine dlk1's expression in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and investigate the molecular mechanism by which dlk1 could accelerate the proliferation of the cells in lung cancer cell lines (H520). METHODS: The relative expression of dlk1 among 30 NSCLC specimens and their adjacent normal lung tissues were analyzed by RT-PCR. A cell model that stably expressed exogenous dlk1 was established following that the dlk1 gene was cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector and then transfected into the lung cancer cells H520. CCK8 analysis and colony forming assay were employed to investigate the effect of dlk1 on cell proliferation. The expression of CyclinB1 was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: dlk1 aberrantly expressed in 36.7% (11/30) of the tumor tissues of NSCLC compared with their adjacent cancer lung tissues. CCK8 analysis showed that overexpression of dlk1 could promote the proliferation of H520 cells (P < 0.05) and the results was further confirmed by colony forming assay. Western blot analysis found that over expression of dlk1 could up-regulate the expression of CyclinB1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: dlk1 aberrantly expressed in NSCLCs. The Overexpression of dlk1 could accelerate the proliferation of lung cancer cells H520 in vitro, probably through up-regulating the expression of cell cycle protein CyclinB1.
BACKGROUND: The imprinted gene dlk1 has been recognized as a cancer related gene since it aberrantly expressed in a series of cancer tissues, but its role in lung cancer is still unknown. The aim of this study is to examine dlk1's expression in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and investigate the molecular mechanism by which dlk1 could accelerate the proliferation of the cells in lung cancer cell lines (H520). METHODS: The relative expression of dlk1 among 30 NSCLC specimens and their adjacent normal lung tissues were analyzed by RT-PCR. A cell model that stably expressed exogenous dlk1 was established following that the dlk1 gene was cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector and then transfected into the lung cancer cells H520. CCK8 analysis and colony forming assay were employed to investigate the effect of dlk1 on cell proliferation. The expression of CyclinB1 was detected by Western blot. RESULTS:dlk1 aberrantly expressed in 36.7% (11/30) of the tumor tissues of NSCLC compared with their adjacent cancer lung tissues. CCK8 analysis showed that overexpression of dlk1 could promote the proliferation of H520 cells (P < 0.05) and the results was further confirmed by colony forming assay. Western blot analysis found that over expression of dlk1 could up-regulate the expression of CyclinB1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:dlk1 aberrantly expressed in NSCLCs. The Overexpression of dlk1 could accelerate the proliferation of lung cancer cells H520 in vitro, probably through up-regulating the expression of cell cycle protein CyclinB1.
肺癌严重危害人类健康与生命。2008年美国肺癌新增病例数及死亡病例数分列各种肿瘤的第二位及第一位[。中国国家卫生部公布的资料[显示,在过去30年间肺癌死亡率上升了465%,已经成为我国恶性肿瘤死亡的首位原因。肺癌的发生是基因与环境相互作用的结果,其中涉及到多种癌基因的激活与抑癌基因的失活[。本实验室利用基因芯片技术对82例肺鳞癌患者的肿瘤组织与配对癌旁组织的mRNA表达谱分析显示,dlk1基因在肺鳞癌中表达水平显著高于癌旁正常组织(尚未发表的资料),提示dlk1基因可能在肺鳞癌的发生演进过程中起促进作用,值得深入研究。dlk1基因别名FA1、ZOG、Pref-1,定位于人14号染色体长臂14q32,编码含383个氨基酸的蛋白质DLK1,属父源性印迹基因。DLK1蛋白由N端的信号肽,6个EGF结构域,一个跨膜结构域及C端的胞内肽段组成,属于表皮生长因子类家族蛋白,与Notch/Delta/Serrate蛋白具有一定的同源性。其蛋白结构与其同源蛋白DLL1相比,缺少N端的DSL结构域[。dlk1基因在大部分成体动物组织中处于沉默状态。根据GeneCards数据库(http://www.genecards.org/)中基因表达序列分析(Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)数据预测dlk1基因在人不同组织中的表达,结果表明,该基因在胎盘组织高表达,而在大部分正常组织中均不表达。最近的研究发现,dlk1基因在多种肿瘤中出现异常表达,如在脑胶质瘤、肝癌组织中表达水平均高于正常组织[;且dlk1在肝癌中的高表达与肝癌病人预后不良相关[。而在肾癌中dlk1基因较正常组织低表达[。目前,dlk1基因与肺鳞癌的关系尚未见报道。
材料与方法
材料
本研究入组病例均为中国医学科学院肿瘤医院胸外科收治的肺癌患者,术前均未接受放射治疗或化学治疗。全部患者均接受了规范的肺癌根治手术及区域淋巴结清扫治疗。组织病理学诊断依据国际抗癌联盟(International Union Against Cancer, UICC)2002年标准。人肺鳞癌细胞株H520源自美国ATCC;真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-Myc(His)购自Invitrogen公司;DLK1抗体购自Abcam公司;CyclinB1抗体购自Santa Cruz公司;Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8)试剂盒购自日本同仁化学研究所。
Expression pattern of dlk1 in 30 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens and the paired adjacent normal lung tissues. A: Representative results of RT-PCR of dlk1 from NSCLC (T) and their adjacent non-cancerous lungs (N), where 18s was employed as internal control; B: A histogram represents the relative expression of dlk1 among 30 NSCLC specimens and their adjacent normal lung tissues.
dlk1基因在30例非小细胞肺癌组织及其癌旁正常组织中的表达。A:dlk1基因在非小细胞肺癌组织中表达情况的琼脂糖凝胶电泳示意图,18s为内参对照基因;B:dlk1基因在30例非小细胞肺癌组织与其配对癌旁正常组织表达情况的比较。Expression pattern of dlk1 in 30 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens and the paired adjacent normal lung tissues. A: Representative results of RT-PCR of dlk1 from NSCLC (T) and their adjacent non-cancerous lungs (N), where 18s was employed as internal control; B: A histogram represents the relative expression of dlk1 among 30 NSCLC specimens and their adjacent normal lung tissues.
Electrophoretogram of 5 different plasmids digested by restriction endonuclease. M: DNA Lader, 1-5: plasmid ID. The inserted fragment of target gene dlk1 was 1 257 bp and the vector pcDNA3.1 was 5.5 kb in length.
不同菌落小规模制备质粒DNA后经限制性核酸内切酶双酶切后电泳图。M:DNA Lader,1-5为质粒编号。插入的目的基因长度为1 257 bp,真核表达载体pcDNA3.1长度为5.5 kb。Electrophoretogram of 5 different plasmids digested by restriction endonuclease. M: DNA Lader, 1-5: plasmid ID. The inserted fragment of target gene dlk1 was 1 257 bp and the vector pcDNA3.1 was 5.5 kb in length.
The expression of dlk1 in H520 cell was examined by both RTPCR and Western blot analysis. A: RT-PCR analysis of dlk1 expression in blank H520, H520-pcdb and H520-dlk1 cells. M: Marker, NTC: none template control, placenta cDNA was used as positive control. B: Western blot analysis of dlk1 expression.
外源性dlk1基因在H520细胞中的表达鉴定。A:RT-PCR检测dlk1基因在空白H520细胞、H520-pcdb细胞及H520-dlk1细胞中的表达,M:Marker,NTC:无模板的PCR阴性对照,胎盘组织cDNA为阳性对照,18s为内参对照基因。B:Western Blot检测DLK1蛋白在上述3种细胞中的表达,GAPDH为内参对照。The expression of dlk1 in H520 cell was examined by both RTPCR and Western blot analysis. A: RT-PCR analysis of dlk1 expression in blank H520, H520-pcdb and H520-dlk1 cells. M: Marker, NTC: none template control, placenta cDNA was used as positive control. B: Western blot analysis of dlk1 expression.
dlk1 accelerates cell proliferation in vitro. A: CCK8 analysis based cell growth curve. X axis represents time in days while Y axis is the absorption of CCK8 in 450 nm. B: Clone forming assay representations and histogram of the clone counts (*t-test, P < 0.05).
稳定表达dlk1基因对细胞体外增殖能力的影响。A:以CCK8绘制细胞生长曲线。横坐标为时间(单位天),纵坐标为CCK8在450 nm处的OD值。B:细胞集落形成实验结果及计数柱形图(*t-test,P < 0.05)。dlk1 accelerates cell proliferation in vitro. A: CCK8 analysis based cell growth curve. X axis represents time in days while Y axis is the absorption of CCK8 in 450 nm. B: Clone forming assay representations and histogram of the clone counts (*t-test, P < 0.05).
dlk1 induces CyclinB1 expression in H520 cells. The histogram represents the relative expression of CyclinB1 adjusted by housekeeping gene Gapdh (*t-test, P < 0.05).
稳定表达dlk1基因对细胞中CyclinB1表达水平的影响。柱形图中纵坐标为以Gapdh为内参对照基因矫正后的CyclinB1相对表达量(*t-test,P < 0.05)。dlk1 induces CyclinB1 expression in H520 cells. The histogram represents the relative expression of CyclinB1 adjusted by housekeeping gene Gapdh (*t-test, P < 0.05).
Authors: D Yin; D Xie; S Sakajiri; C W Miller; H Zhu; M L Popoviciu; J W Said; K L Black; H P Koeffler Journal: Oncogene Date: 2006-03-23 Impact factor: 9.867
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