[Surgical treatment with the rifampicin-soaked vascular prosthesis for mycotic pseudoaneurysm after aortic root replacement].

A 59-year-old man had undergone aortic root replacement for annuloaortic ectasia (AAE) and aortic regurgitation (AR) 18 years before. The computed tomography (CT) showed a pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta 4 years after the 1st operation. Re-aortic root replacement was done 15 years after the 1st operation because of the pseudoaneurysm. However, 3 years after the 2nd operation, the patient suffered from fever and another pseudoaneurysm was revealed by CT. Echocardiography showed a vegetation attached to the aortic valve. The 3rd operation was successfully performed using rifampicin-soaked vascular prosthesis. The postoperative course was uneventful. Thus, graft infection was effectively treated with a rifampicin-soaked vascular prosthesis.