BACKGROUND: To assess whether there is a statistical interaction between smoking and diabetes that is related to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in men in the Asia Pacific region. METHODS: An individual participant data meta-analysis was conducted on 34 cohort studies, involving 16 492 participants with diabetes (47.4% smokers) and 188 897 without (47.6% smokers). Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for smoking (stratified by study and adjusted for age) for those with and without diabetes. RESULTS: In men with diabetes, the HR (95% CI) comparing current smokers with non-smokers was 1.42 (1.10-1.83) for coronary heart disease, 1.10 (0.88-1.37) for total stroke and 1.15 (0.98-1.35) for total CVD. The corresponding figures for men without diabetes were 1.47 (1.33-1.61), 1.27 (1.16-1.39) and 1.35 (1.27-1.44), respectively. There was no evidence of a statistical interaction between diabetes and current smoking, the number of cigarettes smoked per day or quitting smoking. Smoking cessation was associated with a 19% reduction in CVD risk, irrespective of diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation are broadly similar in men with and without diabetes. In Asia, where there are high rates of smoking and a rapidly increasing prevalence of diabetes, strategies that encourage smokers to quit are likely to have huge benefits in terms of reducing the burden of CVD in men with diabetes.
BACKGROUND: To assess whether there is a statistical interaction between smoking and diabetes that is related to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in men in the Asia Pacific region. METHODS: An individual participant data meta-analysis was conducted on 34 cohort studies, involving 16 492 participants with diabetes (47.4% smokers) and 188 897 without (47.6% smokers). Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for smoking (stratified by study and adjusted for age) for those with and without diabetes. RESULTS: In men with diabetes, the HR (95% CI) comparing current smokers with non-smokers was 1.42 (1.10-1.83) for coronary heart disease, 1.10 (0.88-1.37) for total stroke and 1.15 (0.98-1.35) for total CVD. The corresponding figures for men without diabetes were 1.47 (1.33-1.61), 1.27 (1.16-1.39) and 1.35 (1.27-1.44), respectively. There was no evidence of a statistical interaction between diabetes and current smoking, the number of cigarettes smoked per day or quitting smoking. Smoking cessation was associated with a 19% reduction in CVD risk, irrespective of diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation are broadly similar in men with and without diabetes. In Asia, where there are high rates of smoking and a rapidly increasing prevalence of diabetes, strategies that encourage smokers to quit are likely to have huge benefits in terms of reducing the burden of CVD in men with diabetes.
Authors: Andre Pascal Kengne; G David Batty; Mark Hamer; Emmanuel Stamatakis; Sébastien Czernichow Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2011-12-30 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Wan Maria Nabillah Ghani; Ishak Abdul Razak; Yi Hsin Yang; Norain Abu Talib; Noriaki Ikeda; Tony Axell; Prakash C Gupta; Yujiro Handa; Norlida Abdullah; Rosnah Binti Zain Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2012-03-19 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Sanne A E Peters; Xin Wang; Tai-Hing Lam; Hyeon Chang Kim; Suzanne Ho; Toshiharu Ninomiya; Matthew Knuiman; Ilonca Vaartjes; Michael L Bots; Mark Woodward Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2018-03-06 Impact factor: 2.692