Enhanced transport in a therapeutic transdermal system.

Ethanol was incorporated into a transdermal therapeutic device to enable the controlled delivery of enhancer and drug to the skin surface. A variety of control membrane laminates were examined for swelling and adhesion strength following equilibration with ethanolic solutions to identify a mechanically stable control membrane laminate. In vitro skin permeation analysis of the control membrane laminate showed that ethanol flux was linearly related to the ethanol volume fraction. A reservoir-type therapeutic transdermal system incorporating ethanol was developed to provide constant release of drug and ethanol through skin for 24 h. In vitro ethanol skin permeation rates were constant for 24 h and adhesion was stable over 16 wk at 40 degrees C using a transdermal reservoir device.