Andres Ortega1, Viren Jadeja, Heping Zhou. 1. Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Avenue, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize postnatal development of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in the brain. METHODS: Postnatal day (P)1, P21 and P70 Sprague-Dawley(®) rats were treated with saline or 0.25 mg/kg LPS for 2 h, and the mRNA expression of neuroinflammatory mediators in the brain was determined using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The kinetics of LPS-induced neuroinflammatory mediators in the brain of P1 and P21 animals was determined using RT-PCR, and the kinetics of LPS-induced cytokines in the serum were determined using ELISA. The basal levels of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, CD14, and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) were measured at the mRNA and protein levels using RT-PCR and Western blot assay respectively. RESULTS: The mRNA expression levels of cytokines and chemokines were considerably increased in P21 and P70 brains but not significantly altered in P1 brain at 2 h following LPS stimulation. Instead, the induction of cytokines and chemokines was significantly delayed in the brain of P1 animals following LPS stimulation, which was associated with diminished Myd88 production in P1 brain. In parallel, the cytokine response in the serum of P1 animals after LPS stimulation was also delayed compared to P21 animals. CONCLUSIONS: TLR-4-mediated innate immunity in the brain was significantly delayed in P1 animals, and underwent significant development during the early postnatal period.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize postnatal development of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in the brain. METHODS: Postnatal day (P)1, P21 and P70 Sprague-Dawley(®) rats were treated with saline or 0.25 mg/kg LPS for 2 h, and the mRNA expression of neuroinflammatory mediators in the brain was determined using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The kinetics of LPS-induced neuroinflammatory mediators in the brain of P1 and P21 animals was determined using RT-PCR, and the kinetics of LPS-induced cytokines in the serum were determined using ELISA. The basal levels of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, CD14, and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) were measured at the mRNA and protein levels using RT-PCR and Western blot assay respectively. RESULTS: The mRNA expression levels of cytokines and chemokines were considerably increased in P21 and P70 brains but not significantly altered in P1 brain at 2 h following LPS stimulation. Instead, the induction of cytokines and chemokines was significantly delayed in the brain of P1 animals following LPS stimulation, which was associated with diminished Myd88 production in P1 brain. In parallel, the cytokine response in the serum of P1 animals after LPS stimulation was also delayed compared to P21 animals. CONCLUSIONS:TLR-4-mediated innate immunity in the brain was significantly delayed in P1 animals, and underwent significant development during the early postnatal period.
Authors: E Di Santo; M Sironi; P Pozzi; P Gnocchi; A M Isetta; A Delvaux; M Goldman; A Marchant; P Ghezzi Journal: Neuroimmunomodulation Date: 1995 May-Jun Impact factor: 2.492
Authors: M E Belderbos; G M van Bleek; O Levy; M O Blanken; M L Houben; L Schuijff; J L L Kimpen; L Bont Journal: Clin Immunol Date: 2009-08-03 Impact factor: 3.969
Authors: Tobias R Kollmann; Juliet Crabtree; Annie Rein-Weston; Darren Blimkie; Francis Thommai; Xiu Yu Wang; Pascal M Lavoie; Jeff Furlong; Edgardo S Fortuno; Adeline M Hajjar; Natalie R Hawkins; Steven G Self; Christopher B Wilson Journal: J Immunol Date: 2009-11-16 Impact factor: 5.422
Authors: Marie Lou Camara; Frances Corrigan; Emily J Jaehne; Magdalene C Jawahar; Helen Anscomb; Bernhard T Baune Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2014-08-08 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: L K Friedman; J Mancuso; A Patel; V Kudur; J R Leheste; S Iacobas; J Botta; D A Iacobas; D C Spray Journal: Eur J Neurosci Date: 2013-04-04 Impact factor: 3.386
Authors: Amanda C Kentner; Staci D Bilbo; Alan S Brown; Elaine Y Hsiao; A Kimberley McAllister; Urs Meyer; Brad D Pearce; Mikhail V Pletnikov; Robert H Yolken; Melissa D Bauman Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2018-08-21 Impact factor: 7.853