BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infants with Th2 predisposition is thought to increase the risk of allergic sensitization, recurrent wheezing, and bronchial asthma during childhood. We attempted to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which Th1/Th2 predisposition in the host alters RSV infection and facilitates airway inflammation. METHODS: A549 human airway epithelial cells were inoculated with live or UV-treated RSV after pretreatment with either a combination of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon-γ (Th1-primed) or a combination of TNF-α and interleukin-4 (Th2-primed) for 48 h. The gene and protein expression profiles of RSV-infected A549 cells were examined. RESULTS: GeneChip analysis indicated that, at 96 h after inoculation with RSV, the expression of 62 genes was specifically enhanced (more than 2-fold by normalized data) in Th2-primed cells compared to that in unprimed or Th1-primed cells. An increase in mRNA and protein levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1/CCL2 among those 62 genes was confirmed by real-time PCR and cytometric bead assay, respectively. RSV replication was markedly diminished in Th1-primed airway epithelial cells but not in Th2-primed cells, which was presumably caused at least in part by the early induction of antiviral genes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that Th1/Th2 predisposition in the host prior to RSV infection critically regulates inflammatory reactions in the airways through alteration of gene expression, and that MCP-1/CCL2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of severe RSV infection and the subsequent development of asthma in Th2-predisposed hosts.
BACKGROUND:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infants with Th2 predisposition is thought to increase the risk of allergic sensitization, recurrent wheezing, and bronchial asthma during childhood. We attempted to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which Th1/Th2 predisposition in the host alters RSV infection and facilitates airway inflammation. METHODS: A549 human airway epithelial cells were inoculated with live or UV-treated RSV after pretreatment with either a combination of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon-γ (Th1-primed) or a combination of TNF-α and interleukin-4 (Th2-primed) for 48 h. The gene and protein expression profiles of RSV-infected A549 cells were examined. RESULTS: GeneChip analysis indicated that, at 96 h after inoculation with RSV, the expression of 62 genes was specifically enhanced (more than 2-fold by normalized data) in Th2-primed cells compared to that in unprimed or Th1-primed cells. An increase in mRNA and protein levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1/CCL2 among those 62 genes was confirmed by real-time PCR and cytometric bead assay, respectively. RSV replication was markedly diminished in Th1-primed airway epithelial cells but not in Th2-primed cells, which was presumably caused at least in part by the early induction of antiviral genes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that Th1/Th2 predisposition in the host prior to RSV infection critically regulates inflammatory reactions in the airways through alteration of gene expression, and that MCP-1/CCL2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of severe RSV infection and the subsequent development of asthma in Th2-predisposed hosts.
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Authors: Katherine M Eichinger; Loreto Egaña; Jacob G Orend; Erin Resetar; Kacey B Anderson; Ravi Patel; Kerry M Empey Journal: Respir Res Date: 2015-10-05
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Authors: Shao Thing Teoh; Mara L Leimanis-Laurens; Sarah S Comstock; John W Winters; Nikita L Vandenbosch; Jeremy W Prokop; André S Bachmann; Sophia Y Lunt; Surender Rajasekaran Journal: Metabolites Date: 2022-02-14
Authors: Lien Anh Ha Do; Johann Pellet; H Rogier van Doorn; Anh Tuan Tran; Bach Hue Nguyen; Thi Thu Loan Tran; Quynh Huong Tran; Quoc Bao Vo; Nguyen Anh Tran Dac; Hong Nhien Trinh; Thi Thanh Hai Nguyen; Bao Tinh Le Binh; Huu Mai Khanh Nguyen; Minh Tien Nguyen; Quang Tung Thai; Thanh Vu Vo; Ngoc Quang Minh Ngo; Thi Kim Huyen Dang; Ngoc Huong Cao; Thu Van Tran; Lu Viet Ho; Bertrand De Meulder; Charles Auffray; Jorrit-Jan Hofstra; Jeremy Farrar; Juliet E Bryant; Menno de Jong; Martin L Hibberd Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2017-12-27 Impact factor: 5.226