STUDY OBJECTIVES: Because insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with increased morbidity, we examined the effects of this insomnia subtype on all-cause mortality. DESIGN: Longitudinal. SETTING: Sleep laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: 1,741 men and women randomly selected from Central Pennsylvania. MEASUREMENTS: Participants were studied in the sleep laboratory and were followed-up for 14 years (men) and 10 years (women). "Insomnia" was defined by a complaint of insomnia with duration > or = 1 year. "Normal sleeping" was defined as absence of insomnia. Polysomnographic sleep duration was classified into two categories: the "normal sleep duration group" subjects who slept > or = 6 h and the "short sleep duration group" subjects who slept < 6 h. We adjusted for age, race, education, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, depression, sleep disordered breathing, and sampling weight. RESULTS: The mortality rate was 21% for men and 5% for women. In men, mortality risk was significantly increased in insomniacs who slept less than 6 hours compared to the "normal sleep duration, no insomnia" group, (OR = 4.00, CI 1.14-13.99) after adjusting for diabetes, hypertension, and other confounders. Furthermore, there was a marginally significant trend (P = 0.15) towards higher mortality risk from insomnia and short sleep in patients with diabetes or hypertension (OR = 7.17, 95% CI 1.41-36.62) than in those without these comorbid conditions (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 0.13-16.14). In women, mortality was not associated with insomnia and short sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS: Insomnia with objective short sleep duration in men is associated with increased mortality, a risk that has been underestimated.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Because insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with increased morbidity, we examined the effects of this insomnia subtype on all-cause mortality. DESIGN: Longitudinal. SETTING: Sleep laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: 1,741 men and women randomly selected from Central Pennsylvania. MEASUREMENTS: Participants were studied in the sleep laboratory and were followed-up for 14 years (men) and 10 years (women). "Insomnia" was defined by a complaint of insomnia with duration > or = 1 year. "Normal sleeping" was defined as absence of insomnia. Polysomnographic sleep duration was classified into two categories: the "normal sleep duration group" subjects who slept > or = 6 h and the "short sleep duration group" subjects who slept < 6 h. We adjusted for age, race, education, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, depression, sleep disordered breathing, and sampling weight. RESULTS: The mortality rate was 21% for men and 5% for women. In men, mortality risk was significantly increased in insomniacs who slept less than 6 hours compared to the "normal sleep duration, no insomnia" group, (OR = 4.00, CI 1.14-13.99) after adjusting for diabetes, hypertension, and other confounders. Furthermore, there was a marginally significant trend (P = 0.15) towards higher mortality risk from insomnia and short sleep in patients with diabetes or hypertension (OR = 7.17, 95% CI 1.41-36.62) than in those without these comorbid conditions (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 0.13-16.14). In women, mortality was not associated with insomnia and short sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS:Insomnia with objective short sleep duration in men is associated with increased mortality, a risk that has been underestimated.
Authors: T Hori; Y Sugita; E Koga; S Shirakawa; K Inoue; S Uchida; H Kuwahara; M Kousaka; T Kobayashi; Y Tsuji; M Terashima; K Fukuda; N Fukuda Journal: Psychiatry Clin Neurosci Date: 2001-06 Impact factor: 5.188
Authors: Diane S Lauderdale; Kristen L Knutson; Lijing L Yan; Paul J Rathouz; Stephen B Hulley; Steve Sidney; Kiang Liu Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2006-06-01 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: A N Vgontzas; C Tsigos; E O Bixler; C A Stratakis; K Zachman; A Kales; A Vela-Bueno; G P Chrousos Journal: J Psychosom Res Date: 1998-07 Impact factor: 3.006
Authors: Alexandros N Vgontzas; Duanping Liao; Edward O Bixler; George P Chrousos; Antonio Vela-Bueno Journal: Sleep Date: 2009-04 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Sanjay R Patel; Najib T Ayas; Mark R Malhotra; David P White; Eva S Schernhammer; Frank E Speizer; Meir J Stampfer; Frank B Hu Journal: Sleep Date: 2004-05-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Megan R Crawford; Diana A Chirinos; Toni Iurcotta; Jack D Edinger; James K Wyatt; Rachel Manber; Jason C Ong Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2017-07-15 Impact factor: 4.062
Authors: Julio Fernandez-Mendoza; Susan L Calhoun; Edward O Bixler; Maria Karataraki; Duanping Liao; Antonio Vela-Bueno; María Jose Ramos-Platon; Katherine A Sauder; Maria Basta; Alexandros N Vgontzas Journal: Psychosom Med Date: 2010-10-26 Impact factor: 4.312
Authors: Faith S Luyster; Kevin E Kip; Daniel J Buysse; Aryan N Aiyer; Steven E Reis; Patrick J Strollo Journal: Sleep Date: 2014-03-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Julio Fernandez-Mendoza; Yun Li; Alexandros N Vgontzas; Jidong Fang; Jordan Gaines; Susan L Calhoun; Duanping Liao; Edward O Bixler Journal: Sleep Date: 2016-05-01 Impact factor: 5.849