Expression of hepatocyte growth factor in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), also known as scatter factor, promotes the survival and migration of immature neurons. The HGF receptor c-Met is expressed in neurons. HGF plays an important role as a neurotrophic factor in the brain. HGF is produced by a wide variety of cells and is found in many physiological fluids, including serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Since CSF is in contact with the extracellular space of the brain, biochemical brain modifications are, to some extent, reflected in the CSF, and peptide and growth factors in the CSF can be used as biomarkers of disease. In this study, CSF and serum HGF concentrations were measured in patients with Parkinson's disease. The study population comprised 33 patients with Parkinson's disease and 38 normal controls. Western blot analysis using an anti-HGF antibody confirmed the presence of HGF in serum and CSF. No significant changes in serum HGF were observed in this study. However, CSF HGF expression was higher in patients with Parkinson's disease than in controls (p < 0.001). This finding indicates that HGF may be involved in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.