BACKGROUND: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) are man-made compounds with widespread presence in human sera. In previous occupational and adult studies, PFOA and PFOS were positively associated with serum lipid levels. OBJECTIVE: To interrogate associations between PFOA and PFOS and serum lipids in children and adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional community-based study. SETTING: Mid-Ohio River Valley. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 12 476 children and adolescents included in the C8 Health Project, which resulted from the pretrial settlement of a class action lawsuit pursuant to PFOA contamination of the drinking water supply. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum lipids (total, high-density lipoprotein [HDL-C], and low-density lipoprotein [LDL-C] cholesterol and fasting triglycerides). RESULTS: Mean (SD) serum PFOA and PFOS concentrations were 69.2 (111.9) ng/mL and 22.7 (12.6) ng/mL, respectively. In linear regression after adjustment for covariables, PFOA was significantly associated with increased total cholesterol and LDL-C, and PFOS was significantly associated with increased total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C. Using general linear model analysis of covariance, between the first and fifth quintiles of PFOA there was a 4.6-mg/dL and a 3.8-mg/dL increase in the adjusted mean levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C levels, respectively, and an 8.5-mg/dL and a 5.8-mg/dL increase in the adjusted mean levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C, respectively, between the first and fifth quintiles of PFOS. Increases were 10 mg/dL for some age- and sex-group strata. Observed effects were nonlinear, with larger increases in total cholesterol and LDL-C levels occurring at the lowest range, particularly of PFOA. CONCLUSION: Although the epidemiologic and cross-sectional natures of this study limit causal inferences, the consistently observed associations between increasing PFOA and PFOS and elevated total cholesterol and LDL-C levels warrant further study.
BACKGROUND:Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) are man-made compounds with widespread presence in human sera. In previous occupational and adult studies, PFOA and PFOS were positively associated with serum lipid levels. OBJECTIVE: To interrogate associations between PFOA and PFOS and serum lipids in children and adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional community-based study. SETTING: Mid-Ohio River Valley. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 12 476 children and adolescents included in the C8 Health Project, which resulted from the pretrial settlement of a class action lawsuit pursuant to PFOA contamination of the drinking water supply. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum lipids (total, high-density lipoprotein [HDL-C], and low-density lipoprotein [LDL-C] cholesterol and fasting triglycerides). RESULTS: Mean (SD) serum PFOA and PFOS concentrations were 69.2 (111.9) ng/mL and 22.7 (12.6) ng/mL, respectively. In linear regression after adjustment for covariables, PFOA was significantly associated with increased total cholesterol and LDL-C, and PFOS was significantly associated with increased total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C. Using general linear model analysis of covariance, between the first and fifth quintiles of PFOA there was a 4.6-mg/dL and a 3.8-mg/dL increase in the adjusted mean levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C levels, respectively, and an 8.5-mg/dL and a 5.8-mg/dL increase in the adjusted mean levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C, respectively, between the first and fifth quintiles of PFOS. Increases were 10 mg/dL for some age- and sex-group strata. Observed effects were nonlinear, with larger increases in total cholesterol and LDL-C levels occurring at the lowest range, particularly of PFOA. CONCLUSION: Although the epidemiologic and cross-sectional natures of this study limit causal inferences, the consistently observed associations between increasing PFOA and PFOS and elevated total cholesterol and LDL-C levels warrant further study.
Authors: Edward Anthony Emmett; Hong Zhang; Frances Susan Shofer; David Freeman; Nancy Virginia Rodway; Chintan Desai; Leslie Michael Shaw Journal: J Occup Environ Med Date: 2006-08 Impact factor: 2.162
Authors: John M Flaherty; Paul D Connolly; Emily R Decker; S Mark Kennedy; Mark E Ellefson; William K Reagen; Bogdan Szostek Journal: J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci Date: 2005-05-25 Impact factor: 3.205
Authors: Edward Anthony Emmett; Frances Susan Shofer; Hong Zhang; David Freeman; Chintan Desai; Leslie Michael Shaw Journal: J Occup Environ Med Date: 2006-08 Impact factor: 2.162
Authors: Gerald L Kennedy; John L Butenhoff; Geary W Olsen; John C O'Connor; Andrew M Seacat; Roger G Perkins; Lisa B Biegel; Sandra R Murphy; David G Farrar Journal: Crit Rev Toxicol Date: 2004 Jul-Aug Impact factor: 5.635
Authors: James E Klaunig; Michael A Babich; Karl P Baetcke; Jon C Cook; J Chris Corton; Raymond M David; John G DeLuca; David Y Lai; Richard H McKee; Jeffrey M Peters; Ruth A Roberts; Penelope A Fenner-Crisp Journal: Crit Rev Toxicol Date: 2003 Impact factor: 5.635
Authors: Stephanie J Frisbee; A Paul Brooks; Arthur Maher; Patsy Flensborg; Susan Arnold; Tony Fletcher; Kyle Steenland; Anoop Shankar; Sarah S Knox; Cecil Pollard; Joel A Halverson; Verónica M Vieira; Chuanfang Jin; Kevin M Leyden; Alan M Ducatman Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2009-07-13 Impact factor: 9.031
Authors: Samantha L Kingsley; Douglas I Walker; Antonia M Calafat; Aimin Chen; George D Papandonatos; Yingying Xu; Dean P Jones; Bruce P Lanphear; Kurt D Pennell; Joseph M Braun Journal: Metabolomics Date: 2019-06-21 Impact factor: 4.290
Authors: Lobna M Eldasher; Xia Wen; Michael S Little; Kristin M Bircsak; Lindsay L Yacovino; Lauren M Aleksunes Journal: Toxicology Date: 2013-02-19 Impact factor: 4.221
Authors: Todd A Jusko; Marina Oktapodas; L'ubica Palkovičová Murinová; Katarina Babinská; Jana Babjaková; Marc-André Verner; Jamie C DeWitt; Kelly Thevenet-Morrison; Kamil Čonka; Beata Drobná; Jana Chovancová; Sally W Thurston; B Paige Lawrence; Ann M Dozier; Kirsi M Järvinen; Henrieta Patayová; Tomáš Trnovec; Juliette Legler; Irva Hertz-Picciotto; Marja H Lamoree Journal: Environ Sci Technol Date: 2016-06-14 Impact factor: 9.028
Authors: Pi-I D Lin; Andres Cardenas; Russ Hauser; Diane R Gold; Ken P Kleinman; Marie-France Hivert; Abby F Fleisch; Antonia M Calafat; Thomas F Webster; Edward S Horton; Emily Oken Journal: Environ Int Date: 2019-05-28 Impact factor: 9.621
Authors: Youngja H Park; Kichun Lee; Quinlyn A Soltow; Frederick H Strobel; Kenneth L Brigham; Richard E Parker; Mark E Wilson; Roy L Sutliff; Keith G Mansfield; Lynn M Wachtman; Thomas R Ziegler; Dean P Jones Journal: Toxicology Date: 2012-03-01 Impact factor: 4.221
Authors: Kelsey E Barton; Anne P Starling; Christopher P Higgins; Carrie A McDonough; Antonia M Calafat; John L Adgate Journal: Int J Hyg Environ Health Date: 2019-08-20 Impact factor: 5.840