Pedicled perforator flaps in the head and neck.

Perforator flaps, since their first description in 1989, have in many ways revolutionized reconstructive surgery. Whereas little more than a decade ago many surgeons were still hesitant to fully trust perforator flaps to be a reliable option, nowadays these flaps are often first choice. Investigators have to remain critical, however, of their advances and realize that not every reconstruction will require or benefit from a perforator flap, as previously well-established, nonperforator flaps still have their indication and can give excellent results. The most important skill in reconstructive surgery of the head and neck is not cutting the flap but assessing the defect, planning the reconstruction, and choosing wisely from the ever-increasing options available.