Penetration of the active metabolite of nabumetone into synovial fluid and adherent tissue of patients undergoing knee joint surgery.

The concentration of 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid (6-MNA) in plasma, synovial fluid, synovial tissue and fibrous capsule tissue was determined in an open study with 20 patients scheduled for knee joint surgery after oral treatment with nabumetone under steady-state conditions. 6-MNA is the principle metabolite of the prodrug nabumetone arising from an extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (n = 12) or osteoarthritis stage III or IV (n = 8) received a daily dose of nabumetone 1 g in the evening starting 4 days prior to surgery. On day 1 an additional loading dose of nabumetone 1 g was given in the morning. At the time of surgery (day 5), blood, synovial tissue and fibrous capsule tissue were taken simultaneously. The samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. After 4 days of treatment mean 6-MNA concentration in plasma was 40.76 mg/L, in synovial fluid 34.79 mg/L, in synovial tissue 19.33 mg/g and in fibrous capsule tissue 11.43 mg/g. Under steady-state conditions mean synovial fluid levels of 6-MNA were higher than after administration of a single dose and, in common with levels in synovial tissue, persist in a range sufficient for in vitro cyclo-oxygenase inhibition.