Macrophages and dendritic cells for treating kidney disease.

Based on new understanding of the diverse biological functions of macrophages and dendritic cells (DC), the focus of studies on these cells has been expanded from their pathogenic role in renal diseases to include their potential to regulate inflammation and restore renal architecture and function. By exploiting their regulatory function, macrophages or DC have been used to treat experimental renal disease following their adoptive transfer. This review summarizes current progress in the therapeutic use of macrophages and DC in renal diseases. Key issues for ongoing research are discussed.