BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been shown to be associated with migraine and drug abuse. METHODS: This was an analysis of data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) to evaluate the association of PTSD in those with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic daily headache (CDH). RESULTS: Our sample consisted of 5,692 participants. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates of PTSD were increased in those with EM and CDH. After adjustments, the lifetime odds ratio (OR) of PTSD was greater in those with EM (OR 3.07 confidence interval [CI]: 2.12, 4.46) compared to those without headache; was greater in men than women with EM (men: OR 6.86; CI: 3.11, 15.11; women: OR 2.77; CI: 1.83, 4.21); and was comparable or greater than the association between migraine with depression or anxiety. The lifetime OR of PTSD was also increased in CDH sufferers. The OR of illicit drug abuse was not increased in those with EM or CDH unless co-occurring with PTSD or depression. CONCLUSION: The lifetime and 12-month OR of PTSD is increased in those with migraine or CDH, and is greater in men than women with migraine. The lifetime and 12-month OR of illicit drug abuse is not increased in those with migraine or CDH unless co-occurring with PTSD or depression.
BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been shown to be associated with migraine and drug abuse. METHODS: This was an analysis of data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) to evaluate the association of PTSD in those with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic daily headache (CDH). RESULTS: Our sample consisted of 5,692 participants. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates of PTSD were increased in those with EM and CDH. After adjustments, the lifetime odds ratio (OR) of PTSD was greater in those with EM (OR 3.07 confidence interval [CI]: 2.12, 4.46) compared to those without headache; was greater in men than women with EM (men: OR 6.86; CI: 3.11, 15.11; women: OR 2.77; CI: 1.83, 4.21); and was comparable or greater than the association between migraine with depression or anxiety. The lifetime OR of PTSD was also increased in CDH sufferers. The OR of illicit drug abuse was not increased in those with EM or CDH unless co-occurring with PTSD or depression. CONCLUSION: The lifetime and 12-month OR of PTSD is increased in those with migraine or CDH, and is greater in men than women with migraine. The lifetime and 12-month OR of illicit drug abuse is not increased in those with migraine or CDH unless co-occurring with PTSD or depression.
Authors: Ronald C Kessler; Patricia Berglund; Wai Tat Chiu; Olga Demler; Steven Heeringa; Eva Hiripi; Robert Jin; Beth-Ellen Pennell; Ellen E Walters; Alan Zaslavsky; Hui Zheng Journal: Int J Methods Psychiatr Res Date: 2004 Impact factor: 4.035
Authors: M F Peres; M Sanchez del Rio; M L Seabra; S Tufik; J Abucham; J Cipolla-Neto; S D Silberstein; E Zukerman Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Date: 2001-12 Impact factor: 10.154
Authors: Bernet M Elzinga; Christian G Schmahl; Eric Vermetten; Richard van Dyck; J Douglas Bremner Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2003-07-02 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Michael J McDermott; Joshua C Fulwiler; Todd A Smitherman; Kim L Gratz; Kevin M Connolly; Matthew T Tull Journal: J Behav Med Date: 2015-11-26
Authors: B Lee Peterlin; Andrea L Rosso; Michelle A Williams; Jason R Rosenberg; Jennifer A Haythornthwaite; Kathleen R Merikangas; Rebecca F Gottesman; Dale S Bond; Jian-Ping He; Alan B Zonderman Journal: Neurology Date: 2013-09-11 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: Aruna S Rao; Ann I Scher; Rebeca V A Vieira; Kathleen R Merikangas; Andrea L Metti; B Lee Peterlin Journal: Headache Date: 2015-10-16 Impact factor: 5.887