Identification of a novel abscisic acid-regulated farnesol dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis.

In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), farnesylcysteine is oxidized to farnesal and cysteine by a membrane-associated thioether oxidase called farnesylcysteine lyase. Farnesol and farnesyl phosphate kinases have also been reported in plant membranes. Together, these observations suggest the existence of enzymes that catalyze the interconversion of farnesal and farnesol. In this report, Arabidopsis membranes are shown to possess farnesol dehydrogenase activity. In addition, a gene on chromosome 4 of the Arabidopsis genome (At4g33360), called FLDH, is shown to encode an NAD(+)-dependent dehydrogenase that oxidizes farnesol more efficiently than other prenyl alcohol substrates. FLDH expression is repressed by abscisic acid (ABA) but is increased in mutants with T-DNA insertions in the FLDH 5' flanking region. These T-DNA insertion mutants, called fldh-1 and fldh-2, are associated with an ABA-insensitive phenotype, suggesting that FLDH is a negative regulator of ABA signaling.