Analysis of kinetic Langmuir model. Part I: Integrated kinetic Langmuir equation (IKL): a new complete analytical solution of the Langmuir rate equation.

In the article, a new integrated kinetic Langmuir equation (IKL) is derived. The IKL equation is a simple and easy to analyze but complete analytical solution of the kinetic Langmuir model. The IKL is compared with the nth-order, mixed 1,2-order, and multiexponential kinetic equations. The impact of both equilibrium coverage θ(eq) and relative equilibrium uptake u(eq) on kinetics is explained. A newly introduced Langmuir batch equilibrium factor f(eq) that is the product of both parameters θ(eq)u(eq) is used to determine the general kinetic behavior. The analysis of the IKL equation allows us to understand fully the Langmuir kinetics and explains its relation with respect to the empirical pseudo-first-order (PFO, i.e., Lagergren), pseudo-second-order (PSO), and mixed 1,2-order kinetic equations, and it shows the conditions of their possible application based on the Langmuir model. The dependence of the initial adsorption rate on the system properties is analyzed and compared to the earlier published approximate equations.