Timothy H Monk1, Anne Germain, Daniel J Buysse. 1. Neuroscience Clinical and Translational Research Center Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Sleep disruption is common in widow(er)s. The objective of this study was to characterize the sleep of Spousally Bereaved (SB) seniors (60y+) studied within 4-19 months of being widowed. METHOD: Subjective (PSQI, 2-weeks diary) and objective (2-weeks actigraphy) baseline sleep measures were obtained in 47 (38f, 9m) Spousally Bereaved (SB) seniors, 33 (25f, 8m) Good Sleeper Controls (GSC), and 47 (38f, 9m) Older Adults with Insomnia (OAI); each group with the same mean age (72y). OAI subjects passed formal diagnostic criteria for primary or co-morbid insomnia. GSC subjects had no diagnosis of insomnia. At baseline (pre-treatment), all subjects completed 2 weeks of detailed sleep diary and wrist actigraphy, and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among other measures. RESULTS: Significant group effects appeared in PSQI (GSC: 2.4, SB: 6.7, OAI: 10.5; Effect Sizes [ES]>1) and diary measures. In diary measures, for Total Sleep Time, Sleep Efficiency and Wake After Sleep Onset, SB were better than OAI and worse than GSC (0.47<ES<1.19). For Sleep Latency, SB were worse than GSC (ES=0.57), but similar to OAI. However, actigraphy results indicated no significant SB vs. GSC, or SB vs. OAI, differences in any of the sleep measures considered. CONCLUSION: The sleep disruption of bereaved seniors appears to be intermediate between GSC and OAI, as reported either retrospectively using the PSQI, or prospectively using a sleep diary. Only in diary sleep latency, were SB and OAI values similar. This pattern was not, however, observed when parallel objective actigraphic measures were considered.
OBJECTIVE:Sleep disruption is common in widow(er)s. The objective of this study was to characterize the sleep of Spousally Bereaved (SB) seniors (60y+) studied within 4-19 months of being widowed. METHOD: Subjective (PSQI, 2-weeks diary) and objective (2-weeks actigraphy) baseline sleep measures were obtained in 47 (38f, 9m) Spousally Bereaved (SB) seniors, 33 (25f, 8m) Good Sleeper Controls (GSC), and 47 (38f, 9m) Older Adults with Insomnia (OAI); each group with the same mean age (72y). OAI subjects passed formal diagnostic criteria for primary or co-morbid insomnia. GSC subjects had no diagnosis of insomnia. At baseline (pre-treatment), all subjects completed 2 weeks of detailed sleep diary and wrist actigraphy, and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among other measures. RESULTS: Significant group effects appeared in PSQI (GSC: 2.4, SB: 6.7, OAI: 10.5; Effect Sizes [ES]>1) and diary measures. In diary measures, for Total Sleep Time, Sleep Efficiency and Wake After Sleep Onset, SB were better than OAI and worse than GSC (0.47<ES<1.19). For Sleep Latency, SB were worse than GSC (ES=0.57), but similar to OAI. However, actigraphy results indicated no significant SB vs. GSC, or SB vs. OAI, differences in any of the sleep measures considered. CONCLUSION: The sleep disruption of bereaved seniors appears to be intermediate between GSC and OAI, as reported either retrospectively using the PSQI, or prospectively using a sleep diary. Only in diary sleep latency, were SB and OAI values similar. This pattern was not, however, observed when parallel objective actigraphic measures were considered.
Authors: L F Brown; C F Reynolds; T H Monk; H G Prigerson; M A Dew; P R Houck; S Mazumdar; D J Buysse; C C Hoch; D J Kupfer Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 1996-05-17 Impact factor: 3.222
Authors: Unnur Valdimarsdóttir; Asgeir R Helgason; Carl-Johan Fürst; Jan Adolfsson; Gunnar Steineck Journal: Scand J Public Health Date: 2003 Impact factor: 3.021
Authors: C F Reynolds; C C Hoch; D J Buysse; P R Houck; M Schlernitzauer; E Frank; S Mazumdar; D J Kupfer Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 1992-01-01 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Luigi Maria Specchio; Maria Pia Prudenzano; Marina de Tommaso; Michela Massimo; Francesca Cuonzo; Roberta Ambrosio; Francomichele Puca Journal: Brain Res Bull Date: 2004-06-30 Impact factor: 4.077
Authors: Timothy H Monk; Amy E Begley; Bart D Billy; Mary E Fletcher; Anne Germain; Sati Mazumdar; Douglas E Moul; M Katherine Shear; Wesley K Thompson; Joette R Zarotney Journal: Chronobiol Int Date: 2008-02 Impact factor: 2.877
Authors: Terri Blackwell; Susan Redline; Sonia Ancoli-Israel; Jennifer L Schneider; Susan Surovec; Nathan L Johnson; Jane A Cauley; Katie L Stone Journal: Sleep Date: 2008-02 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Anne Germain; Douglas E Moul; Peter L Franzen; Jean M Miewald; Charles F Reynolds; Timothy H Monk; Daniel J Buysse Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2006-10-15 Impact factor: 4.062