PURPOSE: The most widely studied candidate gene for endurance performance is the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene. The best endurance runners in the world hail from Kenya and Ethiopia, so the lack of association between the ACE gene and elite endurance athlete status we previously reported in Kenyans requires replication in Ethiopians. METHODS: DNA was extracted from buccal swabs collected from subjects filling four groups: elite endurance runners from the Ethiopian national athletics team specializing in 5 km to marathon distances (n = 76), controls demographically matched to the elite endurance athletes (n = 410), controls representing the general Ethiopian population (n = 317), and sprint and power event athletes from the Ethiopian national athletics team (n = 38). ACE I/D and A22982G (rs4363) genotype frequencies were determined for each of these groups, and differences between groups were assessed using χ(2) tests. RESULTS: There were no significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in endurance athletes or either control group. Endurance athletes did not differ significantly in ACE I/D genotype frequency when compared with the endurance athlete-matched control group (P = 0.16), general controls (P = 0.076), or sprint and power athletes (P = 0.39) (endurance athletes: 15.8% II, endurance athlete-matched controls: 8.8% II, general controls: 7.6% II, sprint and power athletes: 10.5% II). Similarly, no significant differences were found in ACE A22982G genotype between groups (endurance athletes: 13.2% AA, endurance athlete-matched controls: 12.2% AA, general controls: 12.0% AA, sprint and power athletes: 13.2%; endurance athletes vs endurance athlete-matched controls: P = 0.97, endurance athletes vs general controls: P = 0.95, endurance athletes vs sprint and power athletes: P = 0.52). CONCLUSIONS: As previously shown in elite Kenyan athletes, ACE I/D and A22982G polymorphisms are not associated with elite endurance athlete status in Ethiopians.
PURPOSE: The most widely studied candidate gene for endurance performance is the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene. The best endurance runners in the world hail from Kenya and Ethiopia, so the lack of association between the ACE gene and elite endurance athlete status we previously reported in Kenyans requires replication in Ethiopians. METHODS: DNA was extracted from buccal swabs collected from subjects filling four groups: elite endurance runners from the Ethiopian national athletics team specializing in 5 km to marathon distances (n = 76), controls demographically matched to the elite endurance athletes (n = 410), controls representing the general Ethiopian population (n = 317), and sprint and power event athletes from the Ethiopian national athletics team (n = 38). ACE I/D and A22982G (rs4363) genotype frequencies were determined for each of these groups, and differences between groups were assessed using χ(2) tests. RESULTS: There were no significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in endurance athletes or either control group. Endurance athletes did not differ significantly in ACE I/D genotype frequency when compared with the endurance athlete-matched control group (P = 0.16), general controls (P = 0.076), or sprint and power athletes (P = 0.39) (endurance athletes: 15.8% II, endurance athlete-matched controls: 8.8% II, general controls: 7.6% II, sprint and power athletes: 10.5% II). Similarly, no significant differences were found in ACEA22982G genotype between groups (endurance athletes: 13.2% AA, endurance athlete-matched controls: 12.2% AA, general controls: 12.0% AA, sprint and power athletes: 13.2%; endurance athletes vs endurance athlete-matched controls: P = 0.97, endurance athletes vs general controls: P = 0.95, endurance athletes vs sprint and power athletes: P = 0.52). CONCLUSIONS: As previously shown in elite Kenyan athletes, ACE I/D and A22982G polymorphisms are not associated with elite endurance athlete status in Ethiopians.
Authors: Stephen M Roth; Tuomo Rankinen; James M Hagberg; Ruth J F Loos; Louis Pérusse; Mark A Sarzynski; Bernd Wolfarth; Claude Bouchard Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2012-05 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Martin Flück; Manuel Kramer; Daniel P Fitze; Stephanie Kasper; Martino V Franchi; Paola Valdivieso Journal: Front Physiol Date: 2019-05-08 Impact factor: 4.566
Authors: Rodrigo Luiz Vancini; João Bosco Pesquero; Rafael Júlio Fachina; Marília Dos Santos Andrade; João Paulo Borin; Paulo César Montagner; Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira Journal: Open Access J Sports Med Date: 2014-05-20
Authors: Tuomo Rankinen; Noriyuki Fuku; Bernd Wolfarth; Guan Wang; Mark A Sarzynski; Dmitry G Alexeev; Ildus I Ahmetov; Marcel R Boulay; Pawel Cieszczyk; Nir Eynon; Maxim L Filipenko; Fleur C Garton; Edward V Generozov; Vadim M Govorun; Peter J Houweling; Takashi Kawahara; Elena S Kostryukova; Nickolay A Kulemin; Andrey K Larin; Agnieszka Maciejewska-Karłowska; Motohiko Miyachi; Carlos A Muniesa; Haruka Murakami; Elena A Ospanova; Sandosh Padmanabhan; Alexander V Pavlenko; Olga N Pyankova; Catalina Santiago; Marek Sawczuk; Robert A Scott; Vladimir V Uyba; Thomas Yvert; Louis Perusse; Sujoy Ghosh; Rainer Rauramaa; Kathryn N North; Alejandro Lucia; Yannis Pitsiladis; Claude Bouchard Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-01-29 Impact factor: 3.240